@article{2018,title={THE ISSUE OF REFUGE AND POLITICAL ASYLUM OF KURDISH TRIBES IN THE BORDERS IN TERMS OF OTTOMAN AND IRAN RELATIONS (1850-1900)},abstractNode={The main reason that fueled the border disputes between the Ottoman and Iranian states in the 19th century and even brought the two states to the brink of war were the issues that stem from the Kurdish tribes. One of the most important issues arising from Kurdish tribes between the two states was the issue of asylum. The Kurdish tribes residing in the Ottoman-Iran borders were demanding asylum and deportation to the opposing state by putting forward some excuses when their interests did not overlap with the state they were subject to. When they did not find their hopes in the asylum of the state they were seeking, or when they did not have good relations with the administration, they were in the process of returning to their former homeland. These requests were often welcomed and even they were given assuranc”es when they reported to the state that they were in the position of returning, through their intermediaries. Because, for the state a tribal asylum seeker meant the military and tax return and the reconstruction of empty places. Furthermore, between the two states, between 1843 and 1847, The provisions of the Treaty of Erzurum and the issue of disputed places increased the importance of Kurdish tribes throughout the border. States did not allow the tribes, who were citizens of them, to refuge the land of another state, even if they were in some undertakings and they saw positively refuge and asylum claims made to them. They made promises and rewards in order to be able to turn back down their citizens who are aspiring to asylum from these desires. Sometimes, however, promises and rewards were not able to persuade the tribes to return. In such cases, the state was forced to use its military power. Turning the tribes back to their former lands by taking advantage of military strength was not a commonly appealed measure. The local authorities and influential people in the region are sent to the tribe who are willing to seek refuge in the counter-state, and convincing the tribe with guarantees and pleasant words is a more frequent treatment.},author={Fehminaz ÇABUK},year={2018},journal={The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies}}