THE ISSUE OF EQUIVALENCE IN THE TRANSLATION OF FAIRY TALES: AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF THE SIX SWANS BY GRIMM BROTHERS
MASAL ÇEVİRİSİNDE EŞDEĞERLİK SORUNU: GRIMM KARDEŞLER’İN ALTI KUĞU MASALI ÖRNEĞİNDE BİR İNCELEME

Author : Gülsüm KUŞ -- Zeki USLU
Number of pages : 433-453

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the issue of equivalence in the translation of fairy tales in reference with Grimm Brothers’ the Six Swans, which was translated into Turkish by two different translators. In order to make a sound evaluation, the two different translations of the fairy tale, namely the Six Swans have been compared and contrasted in regard to denotative, connotative and pragmatic language equivalence. In this examination, it has also been discussed whether the translation equivalence between the source language and the target language is provided or not, and recommendations have been given where necessary. In this study made within the context of translation criticism, it has been determined that mistakes have been made especially in the transference of cultural elements. It can be said that these mistakes derive from the determination of the purpose of translation and translator’s tendency. In the text we examine, it has been observed that one of the translators adhered to a request for the formal and cultural features of the source text, the other tended to familiarize the text to the target language reader. So, one reflects the source-language-based-understanding, whereas the other reflects the target-language-based-understanding. It has been observed that trying to make a word-by-word translation on the level of word is not sufficient to establish equivalence. It has been understood once more that not to establish the noun phrases with the correct structures in target language causes ambiguities in translation. It has been found out that trying to adhere to the elements of source language negatively affects the establishment of equivalence, whereas getting further away from the source text hinders making a good translation. It has been observed that both translators prefer structures which can be criticized predominantly in idioms in terms of denotative, connotative and pragmatic language equivalence and this situation causes translation mistakes. As a result, for making a successful fairy tale translation, the importance of transferring both features of the type of text and features of source and target languages as well as their socio-cultural elements in an equivalent form has been shown once more.

Keywords

Fairy tales of Grimm Brothers, The Six Swans, translation equivalence, translation criticism.

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