@article{2016,title={TWO LEADING INDICATORS OF THE 31 MARCH INCIDENT: BLIND ALI AND BESIKTAS INCIDENTS},abstractNode={The II. Constitutional era, one of the major phases of Turkish modernization movement, was met with joy and great expectations by almost all parts of the society. Propaganda made by Committee of Union and Progress was the most important reason of this. However, a while later, not only no solutions were found for the present issues, but also new ones were created by various ethnic and religious groups, which had different expectations from the Constitutional rule. The non-muslim Ottoman citizens, who got representation right in the parliament for the first time in 1876 with the declaration of Kanun-u Esasi (Ottoman constitution), were experiencing the thrill of gaining equality in the political arena and being in the parliament again. On the other hand, conservative sections of the society started criticizing, as they claim that the equality Constitution gives to the non-muslims is against the Islamic law. Leading actor of one of the subjects of this research Blind Ali Incident, Preacher of Hacilar Mosque, triggered people for this matter and by claiming rules of the Islamic Law were violated. Plus, women being more visible in social and cultural life after the declaration of the Constitution was another criticism of the conservative sections. For these sections, women going shopping with their husbands, strolling in the parks and rarley removing their veils would be the end of muslim way of family life and would lead to moral dissolution. According to them, the Islamic Law was being deserted step by step since the era administrative reforms. That is why, one of the reasons of the case named as Besiktas incident, was reaction to the policies of the Constitution on women. These incidents which occured shortly after the transition to the Constitutional regime, are the reason of the determination for setting a secular system, of the group who will establish the Republic later. In the research reasons of declaration of the second Constitution, transition in the political-social fields with the constitutional order, some developments on women rights and reactions to these were stressed.},author={Doğan DUMAN},year={2016},journal={The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies}}