Author :
Abstract
İngilizce, British (İngiliz) ve Exit (çıkış) kelimelerinin birleşmesinden ortaya çıkan Brexit, 2016’da gerçekleşen referandumdan bu yana, Avrupa’daki en tartışmalı bilmece haline geldi. İlk bakışta daha doğrudan bir demokrasinin lehine görünen dijital manzaradaki bazı gelişmeler, kamuoyu ve demokrasi tartışmaları bağlamında yararlı olmaktan ziyade negatif etkiler göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, İngiltere’de düzenlenen Brexit referandumu bağlamında bu etkiler tartışılacaktır. Bu çalışmanın problematiğini Brexit zemin alınarak, referendumun günümüzdeki amacının doğrudan demokrasi değil aksine mevcut sistemin meşrulaştırılması için bir araç olması oluşturmaktadır. Bu problematikten hareketle çalışmanın amacı, dördüncü güç olması beklenen medyanın ve siyasal iletişime demokratik bir katkı yapması beklenen sosyal medyanın, bu beklentilerin aksine; siyasal iletişim sürecini, yanlış çerçevelemelerle skandal siyasetini de kapsayan siyasal pazarlamaya dönüştürmüş olmasını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada önce Brexit’in gelişimine kısaca değinilmiş, dönemin Başbakanı Cameron’ın referandum konusundaki taahhüdünün gelişim süreci açıklanarak, Brexit’in kavramsal geçmişi ve demokrasi ile ilişkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma yeni medyanın sağladığı en önemli olanaklardan biri olan etkileşim imkanları üzerinden referandum sürecinin bir doğrudan demokrasi örneği olarak ele alınıp alınamayacağının tartışılması bağlamında önem arz etmektedir.
Keywords
Abstract
Brexit has become the most controversial puzzle in Europe since the referendum held in 2016. Some developments in the digital landscape, which seem to favour a more direct democracy at first glance, have adverse effects rather than being useful in the context of public and democracy discussions. In this study, these effects will be discussed in the context of the Brexit referendum held in the United Kingdom. The problem of this study is based on the Brexit referendum and it puts forward the opinion that the aim of the referendum is not providing direct democracy, but rather it is used as a tool to legitimize the existing system. The purpose of working with this problem is to reveal that the media, which should be the fourth power, and the social media, which are expected to make a democratic contribution to political communication, have turned the political communication process and political socialization into political marketing, which also includes scandal politics with false framing. In the study, firstly, we examine briefly political socialization and the relation between politics, media, and public relations. Secondly, we will briefly discuss the development of Brexit. Then by explaining former Prime Minister Cameron's undertaking about the referendum, the relation between Brexit and democracy is put forward. The study is important in the context of the discussion that whether the referendum process can be considered as an example of direct democracy, through interaction: one of the most crucial opportunities provided by the relation of politics and media and political socialization through new media tools.
Keywords
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