https://jasstudies.com/?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=554 The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies en 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26496 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26496 Sedat CERECİ Media which are indispensable components of contemporary life respond daily social requirements of people and also cause to grow up styles and approaches. Media mostly respond some requirements of people that are learning news and learning social agenda and participate in public opinion and follow innovations and spend time and entertainment. Media sometimes produce by real materials but mostly address people via fantastic imaginary products. Theoretically concept of media must consist of realities but media sometimes leave realities because of their organizational plans, and belie people via their imaginary concept and can cause incorrect knowledge and impression. Media firstly respond spending time and relax and entertainment requirements of people who live in urban area in high rhythm and prepare plain products which can understood by everybody and can belie people about realities via their imaginary concepts. The mass who are interested in media mostly lok for imaginary worlds in which they can refuge because of contemporary conditions and bear media. Fascinating imaginary worlds and broadcasting that can efface realities can relieve people and present temporary resorts. Media create their original reality approach and convey to mass and set imaginary worlds and want people to perceive them as reality and provide people to perceive reality as media convey. Underdeveloped societies are affected much by broadcasting of media that are far from realities because of they do not learn to use media and to comment media. Societies resemble eachother increasingly recently and media can find many available materials for their productions and address people via magnificient productions in which people can leave problems of realities. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26522 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26522 Alptürk AKÇÖLTEKİN, Salih DOĞAN In this research, the concerns and the thoughts of the 6th grade students towards the Science and Technology course have been analyzed. In this aim, the 5- likert-type scale which was developed by Gömleksiz and Yüksel in 2003 and consists of 38 questions have been applied to the students. The reliability of the scale has been tested by the researchers and the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficent has been evaluated as 0,92. According to the research, in the analysis of how the behaviours of the teachers affect the attitude of the students towards the course; it’s been determined that the male students think that they are not given enough chance to argue on the subjects during the course and the teachers do gender discrimination. In the analysis of the attitudes of the students towards the course in terms of their habits; it’s been determined that the male students happen to deal with other topics during the course in comparison with the female students, the students in the East of Turkey study the course volunteerly but the students in the West of Turkey come to the class more prepared when considered with the students in the East. In the analysis of the concerns of the students towards the course; it’s been concluded that the male students’ concern level is higher than the female students’ level, the students in the East of Turkey aren’t totally aware of the aim of the course and the students in the West of Turkey are afraid of the exams of the course. In the analysis of the interests of the students towards the Science and Technology Course, it’s been concluded that the students who love the course enjoy studying and dealing with the course subjects, the students in the East love studying the course more than the students in the West and they deal with the course topics in their spare time. In the analysis of the prejudices of the students towards the course; it’s been concluded that male students think they can learn about the nature even without the help of this course in comparison with the female students, the students who don’t love the course think that it’s unnecessary to study the Science and Technology Course in order to get information about the world. In the analysis of the thoughts of the students about their expectations from the Science and Technology Course; it’s been determined that while the female students think they will need Science and Technology course in their future studies, the male students believe they can succeed in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26488 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26488 Rövşen ALİZADE Mythology can be regarded as the education system of the ancient human. Each event within the nature and community emerges as philosophical evidences that educate humans and prepare them to life. In this sense, mythology transformed into mythological information that stand for the reflection of reality. Therefore, mythology explains not the events, but the reasons of their occurrences, or in other words, does not depict the real world but makes it perceivable through symbols. Until the 19th Century, the Western World only acknowledged Greek Mythology when mythology was in question. However, as the researches progressed, it was set forth that all nations of the world and particularly Turkish nations have their own mythologies. In the 20th Century documentation of mythological theories and absorption of mythological systems gathered speed. These developments made the absorption of mythology also common in the circles of science around the world. In mythology, researching the beliefs pertaining to the cults of nature is a complex topic. Complexity of the topic is determined by the possibilities of approaching the problem from different aspects before each object. Nature constitutes the subject and context of mythological thinking. There are several different forms of beliefs related with the nature cults within the Turkish mythology. Also, there are several methods employed in examining the cults of nature. Utilization of different methods in the schools and movements within the area of social sciences paved the way for the emergence of various concepts also in researches on mythology, and brought in a rich methodological experience in both theoretical and practical terms in examining cults of nature. While this complexity and richness complicated the topic, on the other hand it also made it easy. In other words, while the plentitude of the possibilities in approaching the matter introduce difficulties to the researcher in selecting the method, it also provided the researcher with the opportunity to implement scientific conduct. This, in consequence, enabled the in-detail solution of the topic. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26525 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26525 Turgay ANAR The concept of “civilization” which is percieved almost same as before, emerges as a conceptual name of “upper status” which colonialist European communities have deemed themselves worthy of, since the second half of XVIII. Century. This concept is important in point of signing the unique development of European communities in many areas as well as in point of emphasising that the other societies are “noncivilized”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy, lives in a region where such ideas and suppositions have stronge effects, determines the problematic situation of Ottoman Empire and Islam civilization. In his poems, he puts into words his suggestions to solve the problem. In some parts of his book namely “Safahat”, we find the comparison of West and East civilizations. Knowing Mehmet Akif Ersoy’s ideas on “civilization”, makes easier to understand his mentality. In case that Safahat is read in chronological order, changes and transformations in Mehmet Akif Ersoy’s views about civilization emerge. In his poems, Akif discusses the idea of taking positive sides of Western civilization to make progress, and this approach can be seen as an answer to discussions on import of civilization. The attack of occupants who represent Western civilization, occupation of Ottoman territories by enemy forces, difficulties which Ottomans struggled with during the beginning of the war of independence, and finally the successes in the battle of Gallipoli cause a lot of modifications and some radical changes in Mehmet Akif’s views on civilization. In this article, all changings in Mehmet Akif’s ideas about civilization are explained by examples. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26476 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26476 Abdulselam ARVAS According to the generally accepted, “Kitab-ı Dedem Korkut” were written down at the end of the XV. century. “Kitab-ı Dedem Korkut”, only the Turkish language and literature, but also one of the most important sources of Turkish culture. This work is also available outside of Anatolia Turkish tribes living in the other. And Oğuz Turkic writing of this work are passed. In Oguz groups, such as Turkmen, Azeri, Gagauz the work itself, it is available. However, in Turkish tribes, such as the Kazakh (Kipchak), Uzbek (Karluk), Altai (Siberia) the “Bamsı Beyrek” story is living with different names. In addition, “Kitab-ı Dedem Korkut” stories, in Kazakhs under the name of “Korkut Ata” was recorded. However, the Kazakh Turks, “Alpamish” saga has been an independent name. And it's Uzbeks “Alpomiş”, Altays the “Alıp-Manaş” epic stated that with the same. According to the researchers, all of these epics proto-type is “Bamsı Beyrek”. In this context, “Kitab-i Dede Korkut”, Turkish epic tradition, play a central role. And it also can be a basic source of Turkish culture, exploring different fronts. In this study, in “Bamsı Beyrek Story” and “Alıp-Manaş Epic” motifs are discussed. And in particular, an essay on common motifs made an attempt. The article, “Alıp-Manaş Epic” was taken from the sample strings. However, the “Bamsı Beyrek Story” not taken from the example strings, because “Bamsı Beyrek” by Turcologists a well-known text. Therefore, in general terms, information is given about this story. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26500 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26500 Şenay ATAM In Ottoman State, the innovation movements which had begun at the tempore of III. Selim, were continued at the tempore of II. Mahmut and in this period the important steps were not only made in military but also in administrative area. After the Sultan II. Mahmut had eliminated the Janissary at 1826, he had also assembled the Evkaf-I Hümayun Ministry to centralize the control of foundations in the same year and in February 28, 1828 he conjoined the Treasury of Amire and Mansure Treasury with the name of Ministry of Umuru-ı Maliye with an arrangement. It can be seen that, in the tempore of II. Mahmut the Mukhtarship Organization had been established in terms of local authorities while the changes on administrative area. It is known that, these attempts in the administrative area were made with the aim to strengthen the central authority by II. Mahmut. The Mukhtarship organization can be taken into account as a step to strentghten the central authority. Because, by this steps, both the demography would be controlled and efficiency of Ayans who are the important people of the area in the provinces would be restranied and controlled by government. Autonomous Village Administration (Mukhtar) has first been established in Istanbul in the year 1829 for purposes of taking population movements such as births, deaths, migrations and similar matters under control and establishing security. Following Istanbul, in the year 1833, the first rural Mukhtar`s office was opened in Kastamonu to replace the governing provided by the notables and the use of this institution spread to other cities of Anatolia. In this article the organization of the Mukhtar`s Office in Tokat starting from its establishment in the year 1834, and the changes that took place in the organization of neighborhoods in Tokat during the same year will be examined in reference to the book registered under No. 1669 in A. RSK. D. Catalogue available in the Ottoman Archives of the Prime Ministry. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26485 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26485 Yunus Emre AVCI, Erol KOÇOĞLU , Özcan EKİCİ The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of migration to the center of Diyarbakır on education and education management in accordance with the reflections of school managers. The current study is significant in terms of looking at these effects from the school managers’ perspective and presenting in-depth view to the other researchers. In this respect, as an instrument a semi-structured interview form was conducted to the randomly chosen 30 school managers working at primary and secondary state schools located both in the city center and the central districts of Diyarbakır.The interview form was developed in accordance with the opinions of the experts in the Departments of Education Management, Supervision, Planning and Economy and conducted to the school administrators by the researcher. In order to analyze the data, the technique of content analysis applied in qualitative research was used. The research findings were tabulated through displaying the frequency and percentage values. Additionally, the opinions of school administrators were also cited. It was seen that the majority of school administrators worked at the schools located in areas which were exposed to the medium and high level of migration. According to the results of the study, the most of the school administrators stated that the migrant families, from socio-cultural aspect, did not have any positive effects on the schools and also they added that the parent-teacher-student bond couldn’t be established at all. The most common problem encountered in migrant families is the communication problems caused by language and economy. Moreover, the most common problem among migrant students is the problem of adaptation, behavioral disorders, and therefore, being failed. For all school administrators, the migrant students negatively affect both the success of the class and the school. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26530 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26530 Serpil AYDOS With the support of the Promotion Fund of the Prime Ministry and Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT) produced by the Bahçeşehir University, the documentary of The River Flowing Westward (Batı’ya Doğru Akan Nehir) was screened for in 2011. Turkey’s effort that to be ‘soft power’ in the Middle East in recent years is one of the reasons to production of the documentary. Turkey’s this effort required to revised their policies and values and create a new perspective related with the region. The documentary of The River Flowing Westward is a project that exactly produced with this purpose. There is a narrative in the documentary which speak not only on behalf of the Turks, but also on behalf of eastern peoples in general, Middle Eastern peoples in particular. Due to establishment of the narrative over Mesopotamia and the Middle East, The River Flowing Westward is a project that easily be able to adopt by the region peoples. Historical information’s, assertions, thoughts which were given in the documentary are especially in support of Turkish foreign policy related with Middle East. In order to put forward this assertion, discourse analysis technique for analysis of the documentary was used. Turkey’s representation of self-positions in the region, its approach to the Middle East and the representation mode of the region, its relations over Islam with Muslim people of the regions, has been analyzed by signifying practices in the film. Discourses and displays in the film, beside textual features, were examined in the context of Turkey’s historical and current Middle East policies. To perform a more systematic analysis, the data were analyzed under the heading of “The Birthplace of Civilization: Anatolia and Mesopotamia”, “East-West Comparison”, “Islamic Tolerance and the Contributions of Islam to Science”, “Turkey as a Bridge Between East and West and AK Party Rule”. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26513 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26513 Ali AYHAN, Levent İSKENDEROĞLU In this study, the effects of visual and audial images on the perception, which is one of the most outstanding subjects in musicology, have been investigated. Everything pertaining to the perception represents an image. All the impressions in our minds which are made by the things called the sound are named as audial image. For the purpose, an investigation was conducted as to how the audial images and music are perceived in the human mind. Findings on what effects the visual images have on the perception of audial images were obtained, as well. As related to music discipline, it has been needed to be thought carefully both each sound symbol that can be called as music and each symbol that takes part among symbols used in music science. Related to perception, symbols have been approached in two different dimensions so as to address the most generally visual and auditory senses .It has been seen in this study that in order to form a concept via perception, some certain stages must be followed so it has been predicted that if it is needed, related visual symbols must be used in a harmony with auditory symbols. The education which is given by following a perceptional method so as to try to affect the perception level of in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26527 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26527 Adem BALKAYA Folk songs are always composed by force of emotional needs which are having contexts peculiar to themselves. Cognitive states, such as excitement, enthusiasm, love, sorrow, expectation, etc..are the origins of folk songs. Although every folk songs are in any case composed by someone, the reason of its anonymising process in a short time and conveying to the memory of society is that the in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26542 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26542 İ. Sabri BALKAYA After World War II, a new world order was founded. The actors in this foundation were The United States of America and the Soviet Union. Both countries made efforts to dictate their political, ecomomic and military oder around the World. Turkey tried to determine its status in this new world order. Besides the USA and Western Europe, Turkey’s political and legal structure he preferred had a significant influence on its foundation. Turkey decided to follow democratic, liberal and secular order the USA founded in the two-polar world order founded after World War II. In this study, how the World order was founded after World War II and the status of Turkey in this order were studied. In this way, the major conjuncture in today’s world was tried to evaluate. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26510 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26510 Bekir BİÇER In this study, the issue of the "Seljuks and Kurds" is to be dealt with. The Turks are a nation who comes from Central Asia by origin, while the Kurds are originally from Western /Front Asia. Although the Seljuks and Kurds followed distinct paths while converting to Islam, their dominant and most common characteristic is their keen Islamic faith. At that time the Islamic world was represented by the State of Abbasi. But from XI. century on, Bagdat-centred State of Abbasi had weakened and small states, known as Tevaif'ul-Muluk, had been established in the Islamic geography. The politically and religiously evacuated field by the State of Abbasi had been mostly filled by Shi'i Buveyhogulları. At the same time, in Iran, Azerbaijand, Northern Iraq and Eastern Anatolia, Kurd dynasties emerged. Shi'i Buveyhogulları had become a political power in Iran, and Iraq had taken almost every Kurd dynasty under its sovereignty. The interaction of the Seljuks with the Kurdish populace first began with their settlement in Iran. As Kurd dynasties and governorships in Iran and Azerbaijan were unable to / failed to establish a sound political structure, they were politically dominated by the Buveyhis. Disputes / quarrels over the throne started among members of the dynasty. Opponent Kurd dynasties were in struggle with each other. Initially, when Seljuks and Kurds confronted in Iran, there occured big clashes between the Kurds and Oguzs. When Muslim Kurds started to get to know the Seljuks, they preferred Seljuks to Buveyhogulları. The Seljuks took side with some of the Kurdish tribes and allied with them, and strengthened their position by integrating them in their state. Seljuks made the tribes powerful. Then, when the tribes started to make trouble for the Seljuks, they put an end to their power to an end and appointed governors that were descendant of Seljuks were appointed. Under the rule of Sultan Tugrul, dynasties of Hasneveyh, Revadi, Sheddadi and Mervânî were mostly annexed/attached to Seljuks. Under the reign of Sultan Alparslan, Kurds fought on the side of Seljuks against the Byzantine at Malazgirt War. Among the Kurd dynasties, the one which was the most effective founded in Anatolia was the Mervânîs. The Mervânîs, about sixty years before the Seljuks, had conquered the vicinity of Silvan and Diyarbakır and founded the Mervânî Kurd dynasty. Mervânî dynasty was brought to an end in the period of Sultan Melikshah. During the collapse of the Seljuks Empire was being 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26520 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26520 Mustafa BIYIKLI This study is composed of the corresponds and telephone negotiations of Esad Paşa(Yanyalı) who was the commander of Northern Group at Dardanelles Wars with Ministry of Defense, commanders and the political parties from the front line between 02-20 July 1915. In the meantime, Mehmet Esat Pasha, as Commander of the Northern Group, was making a strong defense against the enemy attacks. Esat Pasha met the attacks of British and French troops under difficult circumstances during the months of June and July and he repulsed the attack. 42 records of manuscript corresponds and telephone negotiations are very important in terms giving significant informations regarding the atmosphere of Turkish soldiers, their condition of arms, cannons, cannon balls, the amount of that arms, especially the nature of cannons they had, the insufficiency of arms felt in the front at Dardanelles Land Wars. Furthermore, the negotiations and corresponds are important because its nature giving information related to how the cannon balls should be used in a convenient way. The information and data reflected by Mehmet Esat Pasha's correspondence is important in terms of understanding the difficult situation experienced by the soldiers during the Gallipoli Campaign. In addition, the information provided by Mehmet Esat Pasha’s correspondence causes a better understanding of the front war in Gallipoli wars. At the same time, the correspondences are important in order to identify the role of Mehmet Esat Pasha. Handwritten missive and call phone’s records on a counterfoil pages emerged in Mustafa Yeşil’s Private Archive of Department of Rare Books in Mustafa Yeşil Library of Kütahya Municipality. The records of Manuscript Books appear to be written by using a pencil under facade conditions. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26536 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26536 İsmail CERAN Marinids (Banu Marin), a Berber dynasty of Zenâta group, which ruled the western Maghreb (Morocco) from the middle of the 13th century to the middle of the 15th century. The Marinids captured Meknès in 1244, Fas in 1248, Sidjilmasa in 1255 and finally Marrakesch, the capital in 1269, and briefly controlled all the Maghreb. The Marinids declared jihad on the Christians and they supported the Kingdom of Granada in Al-Andalus in the 13th and 14th centuries. The high point of Marinid history was reached under the sultan Abu’l-Hasan (1331–1348) with the seizure of Tlemcen (the dynasty of the Abdalwadids) and of Tunis (the dynasty of the Hafsid) and thy temporary subjection of the entire Maghreb. Following the seizure of Marrakecsh, the history of the Marinids is 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26484 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26484 Ahmet CUMA Smell has a significant impact in terms of social, cultural and religious throughout the history of humanity. Smell has been loaded a metaphysical value since ancient times. After a while, the smell has become a cult. Within this context, 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26523 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26523 Yusuf ÇETİN Tarakli County, belongs to Sakarya province, is situated 65 km far from the province center. Its being one of the Ottoman’s first settlement place, and with its historical houses, bazaar, fountain and bath it seems as if it were a open-air museum, at the same time with its splendid natural beauties Tarakli draws domestic and foreign tourists’ attentions. Stated in the center of county, Yunus Pasha Bath is one the early time samples of the foundation period of Ottoman bath architecture. The construction is in the typology of Ottoman bath architecture’s “mid-domed transversal temperature and double celled bath.” The bath, not used today and remained below form its ground, doesn’t have a coldness part. Over this probably collapsed part a new building was built. The entrance to this rubble stone construction is provided through the later added duplex building situated in western part. On the bath, whose inner walls were covered with marbles at some restoration, there is no sign or inscription that shows its date of construction. With its so closeness to the Yunus Pasha Mosque at first glance it could be thought as a part of the mosque but, when examining its architectural specifications it is guessed that it is constructed earlier from the mosque nearly in the end of XIV century or in the first quarter of XV century. Having an important place in the Tarakli people’s social life Yunus Pasha Bath having the characteristics of the foundation period Ottoman architecture and its being Tarakli’s oldest construction belonging to today has a great significance. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26549 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26549 Asım ÇOBAN The Kelkit Valley is situated between the middle and east parts of the Blacksea Region. Related to the settlement places in the Kelkit Valley, the population is gathered at the lower parts at the bottom of the valley and at the lower parts of the mountain slopes surrounding the valley.The altitude of the valley decreases from east to west, therefore, the population density increases from east to west. The roughness of the landscape with the altitude limits the distribution of the population. The decrease of altitude, the extension of the valley floor and the presence of the alluvium soil cause population density. The mountainous and roughness landscape affect the quality of the settlements throughout the valley. The population is distributed between 200m and 1800m in the valley. The lowest population is seen in Gölova, Sivas. Akıncılar, another town in Sivas, and Çamoluk, town in Giresun and Köse, town of Gümüşhane follow Gölova. The most crowded settlement places in the valley are the towns of Tokat. As the decreases in the altitude, the convenient climate and the presence of the alluvium soil at the bottom of the valley, Erbaa, the town of Tokat becomes the most populated town. Three towns of Tokat which locate at the very west side of the Kelkit Valley are in the research area. These towns are from east to west Resadiye, Niksar and Erbaa. At the area on the Westside of the Kelkit Valley, because of the lower height, suitable weather conditions and alluvial plains of the widening valley floor, population density is high at the area and Erbaa is the most crowded town. Niksar is number two in order, Resadiye is the lowest populated town in the area. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26664 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26664 Mehmet Kaan DEMİR, Selda ALAÇAM ÇAKIR The class size is a reality which still requires a regulation in our country as it is a developing country. Various academic institutions are discussing that we haven’t yet reach the right class size as at the schools as much as we require even though our population, understanding to importance of education and schooling rate is increasing. As the class size is the main effect on our education activities, the educational changes that have been done will also be discussed. As well known, the new curriculum which has been put into practice in 2005 was announced as a reform while at the practice there are some possible problems are expected. This study aims to show the effect of class size on the education from the perspective of the classroom teachers who work grades 1 to 5 at the elementary schools. For this reason the question in this study was “What are the opinions of the classroom teachers on the effect of class size on the 2005 Elementary School Curriculums?” This study covers 1 to 5 classroom teachers who work at the elementary schools of Sultangazi district which are. And the chosen sample in this study is grades 1 to 5 classroom teachers from 75. Yıl, Esentepe, Orhangazi ve Yunus Emre Elementary Schools. From 4 government schools, 193 teachers attended in this study. To collecting data towards in line with this study; there is a data collection tool was used which has been made by the researchers. The research shows there's no significant difference on between the teachers' opinions about class size and gender and level of class. But there is a significant difference between the variables class size and the experiences that the teacher works. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26515 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26515 Aytemis DEPCİ The purpose of this study is to examine two of Percival Everett’s satirical novels Erasure and I Am Not Sidney Poitier elaborating on the issues of racism and identity crisis. In Erasure, to criticize the stereotypical novels representing the standardized idea of blackness Monk, the author-protagonist, writes a novel named Fuck under the pseudonym Stagg R. Leigh. Monk acts against his sense of self and creates a dual identity by writing that novel with the intention of satirizing the racial stereotype expectations of the publishing market. However, the irony of Fuck goes unnoticed and Monk begins to suffer from dual personalities and loses control of Stagg. In I am Not Sidney Poitier, the protagonist has no sense of self-awareness and gradually takes the characters of Poitier movies and experiences an identity crisis. The novel critiques media for its negative effects on the perception of real world and disconnecting in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26498 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26498 Erol DURAN An important part of learning at school are provided with readings. In order to permanent of learning is to make critical challenges. For this reason, training of critical reading education must be the most important aspect of reading education programs. This study aims to examine what kind of description and acquisitions about training of critical reading in the Turkish Language (1-5 and 6-8. classes) Curriculums. In this study, Survey model was used and content analysis was conducted. To collect data primarily, the Programs were reached from the Board of Education website (www.ttkb.meb.gov.tr). Programs were screened aspect of based on the philosophy of the curriculum and the general objectives, basic skills, methods and techniques and acquisition. According to the findings, it can be said that there are adequate and quantity acquisitions in Curriculums for both primary and secondary school students. When critical reading acquisition of the program are analyzed, it is seen that the acquisition are gained through to a text analysis studies. These acquisitions are required to discrimination, conflicts detection, wrong setting, goal setting, related to the non determination, and questioning studies to determine the similarities and differences. In this respect, these acquisitions can contribute to the training of critical reading. It can be expressed that critical reading acquisitions concentrate in elementary school 3. In first and second class of elementary schools, first priority is the development of fluent reading skills of students in grades voice. Therefore, it can be said that most of these acquisitions consider from elementary school 3 classes. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26516 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26516 Hakan DÜNDAR The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between teacher candidates’ values and their democratic attitudes. The working group involves 164 candidate teachers from senior class of Kırıkkale University Primary Education Department Classroom Teaching program. This is a descriptive research utilizing relational survey model. “Schwartz’ Value Survey” developed by Schwartz (1992) and applied in many countries and many different cultures was used to determine teacher candidates’ values and “Democratic Attitudes Scale” developed by Gözütok (1995) applied in many countries and different cultures was used to determine their democratic attitudes. At the end of the study statistically meaningful relations determined between teacher candidates’ values and their democratic attitudes. After investigating teacher candidates’ values, it was found out that values to which they attached importance mostly is in benevolence dimension and value dimension to which they attached importance at the very least is in power value dimension. It was determined that the teacher candidates have meaningful relations between their hedonism, stimulation, self-direction, benevolence, tradition, conformity, security and universalism values and their democratic attitudes. No statistically meaningful relation was found between achievement and power values and democratic attitudes of teacher candidates. Based on the results of this study; it can be searched how values are perceived by teachers, mainly by teacher candidates. In the meanwhile contents of different and similar aspects of factors affecting values and democratic attitudes of teacher candidates and teachers and their level of effecting can also be investigated. Also qualitative studies can be conducted on the role of the formation of the democratic attitudes and studies relevant to meaningful relation groups given in the results of these studies and value groups where no meaningful relation is found and their reasons. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26546 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26546 Metin ELKATMIŞ From past to the present, the reason for existence of the school which has a special place in the life of societies is to raise a good human being. But democracy, active citizenship, globalization, human rights and freedoms is loaded with knowledge and technology innovation, these all brings into reconsideration and question the mission of schools. Humanity is experiencing rapid change and transformation process, and all the elements that are involved in education with the first-degree are forced to change too. In this direction, the educational reforms in Turkey in 2005 identified the direction of change only as educational programs. However, for a permanent and effective change, makes it necessary to take its part of change in all the elements related to education. Schools that are the center for learning and teaching process should be open to change, self-renew structure. In this context, all structural components like physical, social, cultural, economic and administrative should have been re-considered. The purpose of this study is to determine the future characteristics of schools as basis features. In this line with relevant national and international resources, document analysis technique will be used and there will make an inference with the data obtained. The literature reflects 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26531 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26531 Ayşe Elif EMRE KAYA, Zakir AVŞAR Together with the multi-party life in Turkish politics, one of the important polarizations between the government and opposition was the creation of Motherland Front by the Democrat Party. In the picture emerging after 1957 elections, opposition parties started looking for ways for a fusion presuming that the government could fail if they united their forces. In response, the Democrat Party government declared creation of the Motherland Front in order to build a new political communication way over civil society to attract the non-party citizens and unhappy opponents. Although it was created with a unifying and integrative approach, expectations of the government did not come true but exaggerated and sometimes unreal publication of the instruments used during the campaign caused an intensive political and social reaction and the campaign failed in this regard. The subject of the present study is the process towards creating the motherland front and the activities of the said front. In this study, the conditions which Motherland Front emerged under and how a role and a function, it was expressed and how it was ended, will be discussed. We referenced the literature about the studies done on this structure and we also analyse the process all over the Newspaper Cumhuriyet which was known by its impartiality and we presented the current discussion and evaluation forms of Motherland Front campaign. Thus, ıt could been able to see an example, which was show that, the political actor’s discourse whose established this campaign, was different from the Cumhuriyet Newspaper which was included an intensive place to the campaign. This study which was conducted on the Motherland Front which we see as a political communication trial over civil society would contribute both to the political history and the political communication area. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26499 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26499 Sayime ERBEN KEÇİCİ The aim of the study is to present the relationship of the young adults with their teachers at the present time and what kind of connection do they make between their in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26539 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26539 Veysel EREN, Ufuk ORHAN The aim of this study is explaining the relationship between the corporate social responsibility and whistleblowing. Corporate social responsibility and whistleblowing are different meaning in literature generally but aren’t researched together. In a simple, the explanation of the corporate social responsibility is taken into account the all members of organization when make a decision; whistleblowing is expose the negative properties of managements. This study is 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26486 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26486 Kemal GÖZ In the history of philosophy, Philosophers have produced opinions on various subjects. The history of philosophy have conveyed these opinions to us throughout the ages. Therefore, solutions produced on the common problems of humanity have been shared by all humanity. All the philosophers from the first age up to now have given opinions on the subject of soul and body. Thinkers have seen that soul is the essence giving vitality to body and have wondered the state of the soul during and after death. In İslamic Philosophy this issue have been examined in depth and opinions have been introduced. These evaluations have been transferred to us without losing any of its importance. This also show that his works to understand the man himself are still important. The saperation of soul from body isn’t in substance, but it is a difference of stage and degrees. In this study we have tried to show the views of Islamic philosophers on the relationship between soul and body. Thus, we think that Suhrawardi al-Maktul’s, one of the important Islamic philosophers, opinons on soul and body can be understood better. According to Suhrawardi al- Maktul, soul, as a luminous element, leaves body after death and passes to the eternal realm. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26495 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26495 Bahar GÜDEK In this resarch, musical perceptions of the attendees to the Music Education Department have been analyzed according to the gender variable and by considering the elements of rythm, melody, harmony and syntax. Musical perception is feeling and comprehending the reality of music by way of senses. That is to say, musical perception is a whole with the dimensions of psychomotor, intuitional and cognitive. Among those dimensions, the perception of the fundamental elements such as rythm, melody and harmony and together with this perception the naming, analysing and interpretation of those, music is definitely cleared up and becomes understandable. This resarch has been applied on coincidentally selected 49 female and 45 male, totally 94 students attending different classes at 19 May University The Fine Art Education Department Music Education Department during the academic year 2011-2012. Providing the attendees with an opportunity to listen twelve musical works in various varieties. Then they have made an assessment in terms of rythm, harmony and melody on those musical works with “Likert Type Scale” based on 5 points. Resarch results indicate a differentiation on musical perceptions of the students building up this working group at 19 May University The Fine Art Education Department Music Education Department according to their gender quality when they listen to; 1.Turkish Folk Music and Turkish Arabesque Music on the element of syntax. 2. Turkish Art Music, Classic Music and Rock Music on the elements of of rythm. 3.Turkish Pop Music on the elements of melody, harmony and syntax. 4. Foreign Rap Music and Turkish Rap Music on the elements of melody. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26468 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26468 Meltem GÜL A dictionary is a referential work which defines the words, idioms and terms of a language; it gives every detail of words in grammar; it presents usage samples; briefly it orderly gathers the vocabulary of the language. Dictionaries are not the works are read from beginning to end but they fulfill transferring social values coming with language as a social and cultural duty. Each language has dictionaries according to topic and method. Since the first dictionary Divanü Lügat’t-Türk, dictionaries have been written from the various fields, periods and dialects in Turkish language. In this study we aimed to classify and introduce Turkish dictionaries according to their subjects and methods as general dictionaries, bilingual dictionaries, dictionaries of the period, dialectology dictionaries, etymological dictionaries, Ottoman dictionaries. The general dictionaries part includes Şemseddin Sami’s Kâmûs-ı Türkî’s which reveals information on the historical dialects of Turkish language, Turkish dictionary prepared by Ali Parlatır and others which aims to include the whole Turkish vocabulary and Turkish dictionary prepared by Ali Püsküllüoğlu which contains the vocabulary among public and slang. The bilingual dictionaries part includes Sır James Redhouse’s the English-Turkish dictionary named Redhause which contains each word in Qur'an, quotations from Persian poets and proverbs of Arabic-Persian and Ottoman. The era dictionaries part includes Survey Dictionary, which contains the Turkish words delved from 227 written works and the words that are not being used today or have different meanings are given with their witnesses, and The New Survey Dictionary, that edited by Cem Dilçin, which published by Turkish Language Association. Dialectology dictionaries include compiling dictionary which contains compiled Turkish words from various parts of the country between 1932 and 1960. The section of Etymology Dictionaries includes Vâmbery Hermann, Etymology Dictionary of Turkish-Tatar Languages, Bedros Keresteciyan, Mat?rıaux Pour un Dıstıonnaıre Etymologııque De La Langue Turque dictionary, a study written by Martti R?s?nen entitled ‘An Essay on Etymology Dictionary of Turkish Languages’, Old Turkish Dictionary written by Nasılof-Tenışef-Şerback-Nadalıov, Pre-thirteenth Century Turkish Languages Etymological Dictionary written by Sır Gerard Clauson and Vladimirovich Sevortyan, Etymology Dictionary of Turkish Languages. The section of Ottoman Dictionaries includes Ah 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26533 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26533 Mevlüt GÜLTEKİN Imperative mode in the Turkic languages is one of the oldest finit forms which has been used since Old Turkic period and is used today. We study in our article 2. person imperative forms being used in modern Turkic languages and we only mention those forms documented in the historical Turkic languages. We try to bring all the imperative forms of second person singular and plural together and to investigate them morphologically, semantically and etymologically, wheras we exclude those of the other persons from the study because, we think, it would exceeds the borders of this article. Imperative forms of the second person express direct orders or prohabitions directed to addressee. The bare verb stems, namely those without any morphems added, form second person imperative singular in all the historical and modern Turkic languages. In order to emphasize an order/a prohibition directed to the second person singular, morphems such as in -GIl, -GIn -CI, -SAnA, are used widely, wheras morphems like -TAK, -tağı, -U, Tı, -GUr etc. are used rather limitedly. The morphems such as in–(I)N, -(I)Nız, -(I)NLAr, -(I)NIZLAR, -sINIz are used widely, to build second person plural, wheras forms like dı:z, -(I)ş, -zAGAr, -silA, -A:rIn etc. are used more limitedly. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26508 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26508 A basic requirement of the religious obligation is the reason and it is the greatest blessing of Allah. The senses are man’s information-gathering tools from his external-internal world. Allah has supported human with the 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26540 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26540 İmran GÜR The space problem in the poems of Tugrul Tanyol implies a query about the location problem of the postmodern subject, the location whose concrete existence is determined by the subject and the god of the subject which arises by the displacement of the fiction and the real implies the sound-excistence. The sound entity is a ruling sound who has an image awareness in substance in the area of intellectual property which remains in possession of the field of the awareness of the subject. The sound-existence area which is the perception of the process of formatting the presence of concrete of the area of intellectual property has been established over the idea of the fictiveness of the subject's reality. "Thing in itself" is the real meaning of sound-entity that is in the location of explaining problem of the subject and as the justification was given to the him-herself of the human. The space is the problem of non-analysing and non-explaining the relationship between the concrete entity which deiscerns the materializing in the field of mental entity in a passive position and sound-excistence. The space, which we meet at Tanyol is placing the subject to the one of the two existences that is explaining the concrete entity of the mental existence and to be witness of the moment of understanding the moulding of it is becoming the itself of the position that is combining the subject with the nihilism due to the deprivation of ability to analyze the rationale of its occurrence. The same location places the poems of Tanyol to the witness location of the own consciousness of the subject The sound-entity is visual justification of the formation of the poem and the meaning in the process of conformation, the God of the entity namely is becoming the itself of the entity. This attitude which is identified with postmodern narration and the attitude of poetry is representing the attitude which is idetfying with the attitude of the fictional creation of aestheticism that he attests to the occurence with his own entity. Its is possible to describe the poems of Tanyol which are interrogating the subject as a decision problem, as a exception of the center about occurrence in the field of intellectual property,shrink to a nullity of the field of concrete entity and the space locations as identifying with the awareness of age and in the location of center researching.. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26541 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26541 Tahsin İLHAN, Yalçın ÖZDEMİR Well-being is an important subject that has been investigated in recent years. Moreover, recent studies pointed out the relationship between culture and well being. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the relationships between self construals, authenticity, and subjective well-being. Participants were 248 university students between the age of 18-25. Of this participants, 64 were males (26%) and 184 were females (74%). Participants completed a questionnaire that included measures of self construals, authenticity, and subjective well-being. Results indicated that direct and indirect effects existed in the relationships between self construals, authenticity, and subjective well-being. Although, there were no significant direct relationships between autonomous self-construal, related self-construal and subjective well-being, autonomous self-construal associated with subjective well-being through authenticity. Autonomous-related self construal both directly and indirectly associated with authenticity and subjective well-being. In addition to direct and indirect effects, results of the mediation analysis indicated that authenticity mediates the relationships between autonomous self-construal, aoutonomous-related self-construal and subjective well-being. This showed that autonomous and aoutonomous-related self-construalsare associated with subjective well-being through authenticity. Together, self-construals and authenticity explained 28% of the variance in subjective well-being. Current study documented not only the extent to which self-construal was associated with authenticity, but also how strongly authenticity was associated with subjective well-being. Findings are discussed in terms of the self determination theory and cultural change. In addition, findings of the current study inform the development of intervention programs for counselors aimed at improving well-being of university students. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26524 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26524 Abdullah İNCE One of the basic institutions in sociology is religion. Sociological theories are the orders of explanations and knowledges that try to explain sociological reality. Each theory examines society with specific acceptations. Conflict theory builds social life on conflict. Accordingly there is a sustained fight based on expediency between social groups. Marxist viewpoint builds its religion idea on a conflictual view. In this frame basic components that determine social life are economic mode of production and production relations. In other words economy is a substructure institution. Superstructure institutions change and take their shapes according to the change in substructure. Also the religion as a superstructure institution subjects to economic mode of production. Çetin Özek we examine the thoughts of in this study comments religion from the aspect of Marxist philosophy. Özek asserts that religion changes and take shape in according to change in mode of production. Also İslam can be examinated in this frame according to Özek. İslam seperates from others simply because it is suitable with the mode of produce in its era. İslam chime in with agricultural society that jumped to settled-life. Religion that its effect is neutr in social life is an inefficient institution on providing social development and political unity. Therefore religion hasn’t a moulder effect on the other social institutions. Contrary religion as a superstucture institution is under the effect of economy. The same deliverange is viable for both Ottoman society and current Turkish society. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26505 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26505 Güzin KANTÜRK YİĞİT, Taşkın DENİZ Although most of the world population have lived in the rural areas during the history, cities have been the settlements which show development rapidly in terms of size and numerics after the industrial revolution. Cities that state the biggest settlements for settlement geography are one of the indicators of the country development and civilization. One of the reflections of Urban Revolution is increasing of the metropolitan cities together with population. However, after a while, it has been come across some problems related to management of metropolitan cities. As all over the world, the main reason of the need for a separate management model in metropolitans in Turkey is quite the growth of cities and urbanization process. While almost the 50 per cent of the world’s population which is 7 billion were living in urban areas in 2012, it is expecting that the rate will be approximately 60 per cent in 2030. Big city number was just 2 in 1927 in Turkey, it has reached to 149 in 2011. Increase of metropolitian city number has started with Istanbul in 1950. It has reached 15 in 1990, and after that reached 19 in 2012. Metropolitan management process that began in 1982 has reached 29 metropolitans until 2012. The metropolitan municipalities are still dealing with the problems as legal, administrative, organizational and resource use despite the numerical growth. Although it is necessary special arrangements for metropolitan governments, these arrangements must ensure ease of service delivery quality and simplicity. It should be placed increases the locality and given control of the mitigating factors in the model. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26492 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26492 Adem KARA The Cyprus island create several components in its own right throughout history. The experience of living together of those components holding different characteristics from each other are very sunstantial for us.After the conquest of the island by Ottoman Empire, this study will be a kind of example to the questions such as how that status continued and in which case that social. Because they are living on an island communities in Cyprus, the other slightly different communities living in the Ottoman state, a little tighter, and also have had to share a tense environment. Consensus and communion is. All kinds of for good or bad examples such as communion of Armenians and Turks living in the island and this communion matters and conflicts between them will present these relations. The study is concerned about presenting all kinds of sharings between Turks and Armenians living in the island especially in 18. and 19. centuries. It is studied that the sophisticated relations was expressed and the problem encountered put forward. The study record in the history of XVII and XIX centuries, using records in Cyprus, which have been introduced. This registers the Armenians also been mentioned on almost every topic. The relations between the Armenians and the Turkish community were next to be expressed in the mutual relations. All identified issues relating to matters discussed by giving examples. As a result, study, Muslim and other communities living in Cyprus, the Armenian community was keen hoped to reveal the relationships. All relations between the two communities and made a breakthrough by giving examples of these relations effort has been made. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26504 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26504 Hakan KARA, Emre SEZİCİ The main goal of this survey is to assess the possible stress factors of entrepreneur woman-managers and their struggling methods developed. On the way to reach this goal, the required data have been gathered from the entrepreneur woman-managers carrying on business in Kütahya. During the pre-interviewa with the accessible entrepeneur woman- managers in this scope, these managers have tried to describe the stress factors and the ways to struggle. According to the data supplied, the reasons of stress and struggling methods have been worked up into a form of survey. The entrepreneur woman-managers have been asked to mark the most important 10 factors during the practice. According to the data, it has been understood that the first of the stress factors is workload; and the first of the methods of struggling is to join different groups in social life. And by the applied Rosenbaum’s Learned Resourcefulness Scale, it has been seen that the subjects are exposed to the effects of stressful incidents less and the rate of confronting problems decreases. Moreover, the correlation between stress factors and struggling methods has been tried to be determined by hypothesis testing. Furthermore, to contribute to poestics and build up a common ground, the terms entrepreneur and entrepreneur manager have been defined. In this context, an entrepreneur is a person who participates in maintaining the whole practices of an economic unit, determines a course of action autonomously in risky business venture and manages the use of income acquired. It is possible to define entrepreneur manager as the one who carries out the management practices by oneself venturing all issues related to the economic unit maintained; hence accordingly planning, organizing, orientation, coordination and implements control functions. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26494 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26494 İsmail KİNAY, Bayram ÇETİN , Birsen BAĞÇECİ , Ömer ŞİMŞEK The purpose of the present study is to develop a measurement instrument to be used to investigate prospective teachers’ attitudes towards Instructional Technologies and Material Development course and to conduct reliability and validity analyses of the instrument. Development, reliability and validity studies of the instrument (ATITMDCS) were conducted in the fall semester of the 2012-2013 academic year at Ziya Gokalp Faculty of Education of Dicle University. The study was carried out on three different groups of students who completed Instructional Technologies and Material Development course successfully. Construct validity, internal consistency reliability and item analyses of the scale were tested on the first group consisting of 358 (174 male, 184 female) students. 79 (42 male, 37 female) students in the second group participated in the study of concurrent validity, and test-retest reliability study was conducted with participation of 106 (52 male, 54 female) students in the third group. For the analysis of concurrent validity, “Attitudes towards Instructional Technologies Scale (ATITS)” developed by Metin, Kaleli Yılmaz, Coskun and Biriscii (2012) was employed. Meanwhile, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted for construct validity. Results of the factor analyses demonstrated that the scale has a three-dimensional structure. To ensure concurrent validity of the scale, correlation between ATITS and ATITMDCS was examined. There was a positive and significant (.535) correlation between the two scales. Cronbach Alpha was .90 for the whole scale, while internal consistency coefficient ranged between .78 and .95 for sub-dimensions of the scale. Test-retest reliability was .90 for the whole construct;on the other hand, it ranged between .76 and .88 for the sub-dimensions. Findings of the item analyses indicated that corrected item-total correlations ranged between .319 and .710. Overall findings revealed that the scale is a reliable and valid instrument to measure prospective teachers’ attitudes towards Instructional Technologies and Material Development course. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26528 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26528 Erol KOÇOĞLU, Özcan EKİCİ Social studies, prepared for the design of wide-area, in the history, geography and citizenship issues lesson contains. Therefore, the 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26506 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26506 Kurtuluş KIYMET The conception of humanity’s destruction because of a flood plays an important role in the beliefs of the most ancient people in Mesopotamia. One of the literary texts, which depicts the extinction of human kind as a result of a deluge sent by gods, is Gilgameš; and the other is Atra-hasis. The Atra-hasis epic, as in the example of Gilgameš, has been copied for many years and spread from Mesopotamia to the West. This epic begins with the creation of humans who toil instead of the gods. However, the population of the humans increase in number in time. Their noises disturb God Enlil very much and he gets annoyed at them. Thus, Enlil decides to wipe them out. His first attempt is a plague, the second is famine, and the third is a flood. Enki (Ea) saves the humans from those disasters with the orders given to Atra-hasis. The Atra-hasis epic can also be traced in the Hittites. There are some fragments of the Atra-hasis Epic in Hittite and Akkadian languages among the thousands of cuneiform tablets which were found in the archeological excavations dug in the capital city of the Hittites, Hattuša. Those fragments are broken in small pieces and small in number. The Hurrians are thought to have a part in the transmission of the epic to Anatolia. One of the copies in the Hittite language corresponds to the version of Old Babylon in terms of content. This tablet dates back to Middle Hittite Period, and there is a possibility that it belongs to a bilingual tablet of Akkadian-Hittite languages. The other version in the Hittite language is thought to be translated from the Hurrian language. This version adds new heroes to the epic. Those are the father of Atra-hasis, Hamša and God Kumarbi. Kumarbi in the role of Enlil sends the disaster which wipes the humans out. This disaster is the ants which cannot be traced in any other texts and which consume all the grain. As it is seen in the broken parts, the precautions to be taken by Atra-hasis are also told. The tablet, on which the Hittite version of epic lies, are broken in pieces. Thus, it cannot be understood clearly whether it has a story related to the flood or not. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26534 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26534 Gönül ONUR SEZER, Ömür SADİOĞLU One of the conditions of creating an effective learning and teaching environment in the classroom is the teacher’s being able to cope with the student’s inappropriate behaviors effectively. If the teacher knows what precautions to take against the student’s inappropriate behaviors in the classroom, the objectives of education and teaching can be achieved. The aim of this research study is to determine how frequently inappropriate student behaviors are observed in classrooms at schools where teacher candidates go for teaching practice and what solution strategies teachers use against these kinds of behaviors. In the direction of this purpose, the undesirable behaviors observed in the classroom and solution strategies questionnaire form developed by Şahin (2005) was used in the study. The questionnaire was administered to the teacher candidates studying at Elementary Education Department, Education Faculty, Uludag University and going to the teaching practice schools. According to the results of the study, the teacher candidates think it possible for a classroom teacher to end an undesirable behavior such as bullying by talking to those exhibiting that behavior and reminding them of the classroom rules. The most frequently observed inappropriate behavior was determined to be complaints about one’s friends in the classroom. The behavior of telling lies might lead to great problems for a child both for now and for the future. Based on these results, teachers can be given in-service training programs including such matters as teachers and students’ different perceptions related to what is inappropriate in the classroom; how to make teachers become aware of this difference and behave accordingly; how to help teachers learn about and develop strategies of coping with inappropriate behaviors in the classroom; how to help teachers and students become aware of these matters; how to establish communication with students; and how to achieve an effective classroom management. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26487 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26487 Ali ÖZKAN The national interest of the Imperialist countries always comprises Turkey becuase of her geographical and strategic location. The imperialist states which are unwilling to see a very powerful Turkey have targeted to create lots of inner and outsider problems for Turkey. Additionally, they especially wanted to have Turkey get into conflict with her neighbouring and regional states. The created Cyprus problem between Turkey and Greece was one of the significance examples regarding to this description The thought of having Cyprus become a part of Greece(Enosis) and killing all Turks who have been living in Cyprus constituted one of the most crucial elements of Greece’s Megali Idea. To realize this idea especially durgin the period of Archbishop Makarios III, the Greek Cypriots massacred the Turks by the end of 1963. This event has passed as Bloody Christmas Events within the history of Cyprus. As the main responsible person of Bloody Christmas Events Makarios III aimed at three things. The first one was to create Bloody Christmas Events fort he sake of realizing the Enosis regardless the Cyprus Republi which was established due to the agreements made by Turkey, Greece and UK within the years of 1959 and 1960. Secondly, whenever getting no result in 1963 Bloody Christmas Events, it was the time to handover the issue to the United Nations. The third one was to reduce the effectiveness of Turkey on Cyprus. Five countries were found on the supporting decision of the United Nation on this subject in 1965. One of those countries were Albania. In this article, Enosis as a part of Megali Idea, Bloody Christmas Events and the reason and the reflection of the support of Albania to Turkey on the problem of Cyprus in the United Nations although it was ruled by communist regime will be examined in details. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26554 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26554 Mehmet PEKKAYA, Nurdan ÇOLAK Choosing a proper profession is an important issue to a person for being more beneficial to his /her own and the society. There are lots of criteria for a person to consider when selecting a profession. Since there are many criteria, choosing a profession issue becomes a multi criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. In this study, lots of criteria that are considered when choosing a profession are reduced to six main criteria according to a study of Ahmadi et. al. at 1995 and pairwise comparisons of these criteria are assessed by bachelor and graduate students of Bülent Ecevit University (BEÜ), departments of Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences (FEAS). By using questionnaire results, the priorities indicating the importance level of the criteria while choosing a profession is determined by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which considers the consistency of responds of the comparisons. According to the results, firstly “Work Guaranty”, than “Profession Benefits” and “Career Opportunities” are determined as the most noticeable criteria for BEÜ FEAS students when choosing a profession. It is observed that, these three criteria have a cumulative priority of 64.35% when choosing a profession. Beside this, differences of the priorities according to participants’ demographic attributes are evaluated using statistical hypothesis tests. According to statistical hypothesis tests, male students pay more attention to “Profession Benefits” when female students do “Work Guaranty”, and “Career Opportunities” become more important with respect to family revenue of students. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26501 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26501 Fikri SOYSAL Popular culture is a mass culture which develops with the culture industry. It is more is more interesting to explore the benefits to the community rather considering it as an art form. Cultural erosion in which strong structures are suppressed and the weak structures disappear are not significant. Popular culture is directed by the directors who were educated with advanced and intensified techniques; and who do not have economic concerns. Popular culture appeared in Turkey and began to show its impact with the westernization movements in music. The closure of places of workship, the tekke and zaviye, where religious music was played, the repressive and insulting attitutudes towards the public and Ottoman classical music and westernization policies created an emptiness and obscurity in the musical background of the Turkish people. As a result, the work of the culture industry, which was equipped with advanced administration and marketing techniques, became easier. This period should be called the era of culture industry. It can be said that this era was highly influenced by the spread of the connection to the internet in every house. From the sale of millions of popular music albums in the past today sales do not reach even half million. The culture industry now has control over radio and TV broadcasts which were common communication tools in the old culture industry periods, so it can be said that audiences are manipulated via these communication tools. However, the expansion of the internet has created an environment where audiences have the choice. Although popular culture provided certain technical advancements, it also caused corruption in music. In this paper, we will examine the factors that have affected the development of oriental music in relation to religious music; we will discuss today’s popular culture elements and the definition of popular culture in the 21st century. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26503 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26503 Havva SÜLÜN ERGÜL Religion has been considered as important reflection of social order throughout the ages. As primary social facts, religion and religious rituals have a great impact for those who choose to follow their faiths' dietary restrictions. The structure and the practices of these religious eating rules are almost same in all religions but their labeling or naming it differs from one religion to another. The appropriate ‘clean’ food is named halal in Islam and Kosher in Jewish laws. Parallel to creation of social fact with the concept of religion, this paper is mainly about the distribution and consumption of halal food in Turkey as one of the predominantly Muslim countries. By the help of comparison with kosher food and consumption and certification of halal food world widely, the paper aims to reach the conclusion that religious requirements has turned into industry and became a institutionalized power for the recent decades. With the help of sociology, the theory part of the topic will be discussed by exemplifying from sociologists arguments. And the practice of its theory in Turkish example will be stated with observed instances. Concentrating on the religious industrialization generally, I will talk about the function of halal concept as a sample. This topic is recent for Turkey and has the characteristics of a detailed thesis with more supportive scientific data in further researches. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26529 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26529 Ahmet SÜRÜCÜ, Hakan ÖZDEMİR , Kadir BİLEN , Sacit KÖSE The purpose of this study was to investigate attitudes towards science laboratory of pre-service science teachers. A total of 163 pre-service science teachers ( 34 male, 129 female) in the fall semester of 2012-2013 academic year in the Department of Science Education at Pamukkale University was participated study. The study was conducted on 71 pre-service science teachers in the 1th grade, 92 pre-service science teachers in the 3th grade. In this study descriptive relational screening model was used in order to explain the current situation and consequently to determine the relation level of the variables (gender, class). The chosen pre-service science teachers were surveyed on attitudes towards science laboratory by using Likert type scale with five degrees, each consisting of 30 items. The obtained data were analyzed with the help of SPSS 15 package programme. Independent t -test was applied between classes according to the genders and class grades. In the survey, Cronbach Alpha inner consistency coefficient of the attitudes towards laboratory of pre-service science teachers scale was calculated as 0,92. There wasn’t a significant difference between attitudes towards laboratory of pre-service science teachers for genders. However, there was a significant difference for the points related to the attitudes towards laboratory of pre-service science teachers for class levels. The third year pre - service science teachers attitudes of prospective laboratory was more positive than the first year pre - service science teachers attitudes of prospective laboratory. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26544 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26544 Harun ŞAHİN In Ottomans, budgets were made every year in accordance with the tradition. Provincial treasurers at classical period used to prepare budget every year and present it to the sultan. Classical Ottoman budgets served as account statements which showed the year-end incomes and expenses. The budget figures acted as a guide in the actual budget of the previous year in the provision of income-expense balance. Classical budgeting procedures continued until the centralization of the state incomes and expenses. In Tanzîmat Reform Era, efforts of restructuring increased in governmental agencies and the reforms which were made in the financial field resulted in the origination of a modern financial structure. In this respect, Tanzîmat Reform area is an important turning point. Budget did not take place as a concept in the Imperial Edict of Reorganization but in order to perform defence and other public services, the need to determine and restrict obligatory expenses beforehand through laws was pointed. Traditional financial office organization was removed after Tanzîmat Reforms and the Ministry of Finance was formed instead. The centralist trends in the financial audit and organization got stronger slong with the establishment of the Ministry of Finance. One of the institutions which entered the Ottoman Empire in Tanzîmat Reform era was modern budgets. The prediction method was taken as a basis in the Tanzîmat budgets which were prepared in accordance with the principles of unity and generality. The budget rights and principles, on the other hand, were organized with 1876 Constitution. Depending on the principle of unity until the Constitutional Period, state incomes and expenses were shown in a single budget. In the Constitutional years, the principle of the unity of the budget was moved off and emergency budgets and interim budgets were also prepared apart from ordinary budgets. The complete settlement of the modern budget institution in Turkey, on the other hand, actualized in the Republic Period. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26369 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26369 Sare ŞENGÜL, Pınar GÜNER The aim of this study is to determine the types of the proof schemes used in the proof process by freshman and senior elementary pre-service mathematics teachers who are students at public university in 2011-2012 academic year and also to examine whether there is any difference between proof schemes used by freshman and senior elementary pre-service mathematics teachers. The sample of the study consists of 135 elementary pre-service mathematics teachers. Because the actual state is investigated descriptive method is used. 5 problems are asked and answers are classified according to proof schemes. Classification designed by Harel and Sowder (1998) is used. In the analysis process, answers of elementary pre-service mathematics teachers are evaluated according to proof schemes’ properties and classified into 4 categories; external, empirical, analytical, and empty. Percentage frequency tables of proof schemes prepared and bar chart is drawn. Also, it is analyzed that whether there is a significant difference between proof schemes according to class levels or not by using t test with a statistical programme. Results indicated that all proof scheme types (external, analytical, empirical) are used by the students. Also, empirical schemes are mostly used by freshman elementary pre-service mathematics teachers and analytical schemes are mostly used by senior elementary pre-service mathematics teachers. Suggestions made according to results of the study. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26521 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26521 Meral TANER DERMAN Since aggressive behaviour may arise with prevention and hopelessness is a notion related with it, hopelessness is thought to be related to aggression. The purpose of the study, to determine primary school-age children which 10-11 years of aggression and hopelessness levels, and to determine the relationship between aggression and hopelessness. The data have been collected through 179 children, 73 of whom are girls and 106 of whom are boys, going to 10 schools from Nilüfer, Osmangazi ve Yıldırım district in Bursa. To determine students' aggressiveness and hopelessness scores have been used Aggressiveness Scale and the Beck Hopelessness Scale. T-test and correlation analysis was used for data analysis. As a result, it has determined that boy's aggression, hopelessness of loss of motivation and general hopelessness scores to be higher than girls; aggression between gender, hopelessness of feelings about the future, hopelessness of loss of motivation and general hopelessness were positively and significantly correlated. It was no significant relationship aggressiveness between hopelessness of expectations about the future. It has determined that hopelessness of loss of motivation between hopelessness of expectations about the future, general hopelessness and gender were significantly correlated. It was significant relationship between expectations about the future and general hopelessness; it was no significant between expectations about the future and gender. It is seen that it was significant between hopelessness and gender. School guidance services conducting periodical activities about aggression and hopelessness and bringing problem solving skills in children also help them solve their problems without resorting to violence getting desperate. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26519 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26519 Polat TUNÇER Everything is changing rapidly today, organizations, feels obliged to keep pace with these changes occurring around them. Because, in order to survive and be successful, It is required to adapt to change and manage it well. First of all, the conditions in which the organization's needs, and change depending on whether an emergency (planned-unplanned, macro-micro, proactive-reactive, active-passive, sudden-over time, evolutionary-revolutionary) must decide on the type of change. On the other hand in order to manage change successfully dimensions of organizational change (technology, organizational structure, organizational culture, human resources, process and methods, working conditions) should be determined in accordance with organizational data in the planning stage. There are many reasons forcing organizations to change, but the main reasons can be classified under two main headings, including external and internal: external causes, technological, political, economic, social and natural conditions and globalization. Internal reasons are as follows: growth, downsizing, merger of the institutions, changes in top management, organizational deficiencies and demands of the employees change. Each change, encounters with a resistance more or less. Resistance to change can be grouped; personal, social, organizational and work-related reasons under the headings. Methods that can be used to prevent resist listed as follows: Communication and education, participation and support, negotiation and compromise-making, threat and oppression, manipulation and kooptasyon, change planning and practice implementation, estimation method with economic stimulus measures. Change, can lead to problems such as alienation, conflict, stress, resistance and crisis in organizations. Organizational change, If can not be determined based on the needs and resources and best be planned, managed a successful manner. In addition, must be removed other problems will occur in the process of change and resist against change will occur. Organizations that are not successful in change managing, doomed to disappear. Otherwise, the organizational change fails. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26545 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26545 Gülden TÜM The Common European Framework (CEF) is a reference document for curriculum and syllabus development, textbook writing, teacher training, and for assessment, and it has gained importance for discussions of AA curricula, and L2 teaching and learning in Europe. However, the CEF may not provide sufficient theoretical and practical guidance to enable test specifications to be drawn up for each level of the CEF. Although it is widely referred to all languages, the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) remains relatively insufficient for teaching vocabulary. There have been several studies on CEFP on different languages; nevertheless, there has been no single survey carried out in Turkish Language in this field. Therefore, this article tries to find answers by exploring questions of whether the CEFR can help foreign learners of Turkish language to construct vocabulary based on CEFR levels or not; whether the CEFR scales are sufficient to communicate at various levels; and then to what extent the most common words in Turkish should be included. The findings of this study indicate that application of CEFR, especially in teaching vocabulary, seems to be complicated to build or acquire for some languages which have different characteristics when compared to common European languages. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26547 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26547 İbrahim USTA Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. In other words, language is a complex structure consisting of a set of rules, audio, strings of words and grammar. In language that recognized as a living entity which being opened to all influences and constantly changing and evolving, due to various reasons some changes are outstanding. As a result of this change; when language enriches with new words, some of the words dies or leaves their location for other words. In this process, while some of the words are faced with the meaning changes, others will start to be used out of the actual meaning. Finally, one other important prominent matter in this change, markably important changes in the structure of the voice of the existing language are outstanding, and this gives rise to the formation of other dialects and even languages. To intervene to a language within the framework of the above-mentioned reasons means to protection and recovery of that language from corruption. Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. In this study, firstly, the result of the Arabs’ by the fusion of linguistic interaction with other nations both naturally and necessarily, and the consequences are examined, as well as the external and internal factors leading the development of Arabic are explained with appropriate examples. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26548 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26548 Gökhan YALÇIN The aim of this study is determined as the music terms used in the Harmony books published in Turkey from the proclamation of the republic to the present which are suffered changes, which are forgotten and which adopted and are entered into the terminology of Turkish music, in other words, to reveal the change and improvement of the terminology used in the books as mentioned. For this purpose, harmony books published so far been achieved since 1926 and determined the frequently used main terms of harmony subject. These terms are ranked according to the years and the percentage of usage, which terms are suffered a change, which are adopted and tried to determine what terms are used today. The research is a descriptive study of the data created with document review. The data of the study are obtained the terms used in the books of harmony from the translation of Korsakoff (Ottoman Turkish) in 1926 published up to the present day (N=22). The terms primarily how written in the source of their language and then what converted to the Turkish term are determined. The terms determined are ranked according to the years of use and are presented in graphics. Secondarily, the terms are scanned from the written sources as music dictionaires and music encyclopedias published in the same years, what are the reflections to the harmony books are researched and the findings are interpreted. According to the findings, most of the terms were suffered a change, the terms most commonly used in present are same as the terms are accepted in the first 20 years (1926-1948), a lot of terms which are tried to translate into Turkish were not used, are begin to forgotten, a part of them are completely forgotten, are seen. The terms examined in harmony books are classified as: 1. Translated into Turkish translation terms (tam, kırık, akora yabancı sesler, geçit, gecikme, kaçak, işleme etc.) 2. The terms of foreign origin are written as they read in Turkish (armoni, akor, tonik, dominant, sudominant, sansibl, kadans, plagal, otantik, pedal etc.). 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26502 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26502 Yar Ali METE The aim of this study is to examine the causes and levels of mobbing on faculty members who work in universities and also in this study,it is tried to explain the affects of mobbing on faculty members. The study is in meta analysis approach . the state of the study is decided mobbing in higher education. The study group of the work which is determined with snowball sampling, is 23 faculty members who work in faculties and academies of Trakya University and also have demographic background. Datas were collected semi structured interview form while gathering data, interviews were done face to face by the researcher. Datas were analyezed with Nvivo 8 computer programme. In the study, faculty members indicated that, they exposure mobbing because of their critcis, about administrative and academic works, jealousy, gossip and differences in political view. Mobbing behaviours are clarified as, exclusion, discredit, dismissal, bureacratic over control, verbal threat, work overload. In current study, mobbing behaviours cause having burn out emotions and increasing in their oraganizational commitment. To sum up, in the study in univesities where are often mobbing situations because of their organizational structure, mobbing practitioners’ typhology is megolamaniac, audiences are hyprocrite and the victims are people who are successful and away from admistration. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26514 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26514 Mehmet YAZICI Since 2003, the development of values plays an important role in the education programs developed by the Ministry of Education and takes part in the basic units of the implemented programs. In a circular issued, it is asked that all private and public schools of the ministry should organize activities in order to enhance the students’ value proficiency and to enable the students to reflect this proficiency to their behaviors. In accordance with this circular, like in the other cities, a value education province council has been created and one teacher from each school is assigned as “The School Coordinator of Value Education” in Bingol which formed the sample of this study. Activities related to the value education carried out by these volunteer teachers. The purpose of this study is to construct a profile of volunteer teachers who carry on these values activities in their schools in Bingol and to take their views and suggestions about the activities. For this purpose, in 2011-2012 school year, we took the views of 30 teachers who are voluntarily carrying on the values education activities at the schools of Bingol Directorate of National Education. The data is collected via the method of inquiry. In descriptive analysis of the data obtained from inquiry, the distributions; frequency (f) and percentage (%), are used. At the end of the study, it is revealed that among the teachers that voluntarily participated in the values education in Bingöl, those who are between the ages of 26-40, married, male, have children, graduated from education faculty, work at primary schools, have a bachelor degree, have teaching experiences between 1-10 years, whose branches are Education of Religion and Ethics, and Psychological Counseling, born in Bingol constitute the majority. It is proven that the teachers have share the same opinion that the value education should be a part of teacher training program, and they also think that the loyalty of values has lost its appeal. Additionally, this study shows that value education activities affect students’ behaviors positively, and the positive approach towards these activities declines from province administrator to school administrator and teacher, and also the interests of parents and students are different. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26538 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26538 Şebnem YILDIRIM ORHAN, Selçuk BİLGİN The universe of this research was made up of students from the faculty of education department of music teacher. The samples were constituted by the 4th year students of Gazi University, Gazi Faculty of Education, Department of Music Teaching. Theoretical data of this study is acquired from field researches and documentary literature surveys, quantitive data is collected from questionnaire and interviews formed with experts’ opinions. In the research, an information about 2011 - 2012 Music Curriculum that was being used in Gazi University, Department of Music Teaching was given. Multiple choiced and open ended questions about the given education programme and views on ideal music curriculum were asked to fourth year students studied with this programme and completed every lesson in the programme. According to the results, %83 of music teacher candidates are not happy with the music curriculum, all of them want lessons from different diciplines in the programme which are in order of preference; dancing, advanced english, effective speaking, drama, italian and art. İn order of preference %14 of music teacher candidates think musical hearing and writing, accompaniment, harmony, solo playing and piano lessons are helpful and need musical instrument teaching, accompaniment and chamber music lessons. According to the candidates instead of the lessons’ names or varieties, the quality of the methods should be considered important. candidates want chances to practice what they learnt and a programme consructed by the priorities of the department. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26507 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26507 Sadik YONDEM Culture is one of the biggest wealth that make up the history of humanity As the humanity has improved, the culture has improved, as the culture has improved, the humanity has continued to improve. Of the mass media is more limited periods, each country established their culture and a common world culture has added their own wealth technology communication which is improving very rapidly has caused the world to get smaller and the people to communicate easily with no limits. This changes had positive effects besides negative effects also on national culture, art and especially art of music. While a society which saves little time for thinking and lives fast was created unskilled in the art of music rapid consumption increased in efforts to. One of the leading causes of the degeneration in music is mass media. These tools are arranged through the consumption level of music appreciation generalize society Music, as this process is corrupt and dirty. The society should resist to this process by educating sensitive in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26497 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26497 Mehtap YURDATAPAN, Elif BENZER , İlknur GÜVEN , Fatma ŞAHİN While technological advances are nowadays providing treatment for many of mankind’s health problems, technology is also contributing to other health-related issues. As teachers serve as role models for their students, it is important under these circumstances for teacher candidates who will in the future teach science and technology classes (which also cover health-related topics) to properly identify the behaviours associated with healthy living. Based on this observation, this study aimed to investigate whether there was a difference in the attitudes of first year and fourth year science teacher candidates towards healthy living behaviour. To this end, a total of 90 students between the first and fourth years receiving their education at the Department of Science Teaching were selected as the sample group of the study. The Healthy Living Behaviours Test developed by Hallab (1999) was applied to the selected group, and the data were interpreted according to percentage and frequency values. Based on the study results, unfavourable habits especially with regards to exercise and nutrition were identified in students’ healthy living behaviour. It was also observed that there were no significant changes in the healthy living behaviour of students during their four year undergraduate education. Following this study, variables that might affect health-related behaviours in a positive way should be investigated in studies conducted on larger and different groups. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26543 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26543 Erol DURAN This research aims to investigate the students’, start primary school in 60 months old, levels of readiness and development of writing skills. In this study, the students were investigated readiness levels of in order seating, hand, arm, muscle and eye coordination, to hold a pencil, use of the notebook, painting and regular line drawing skills, and development of writing skills. Feature of this study is qualitative research survey model. Findings could be achieved by observation technique and they evaluated with descriptive and content analysis techniques. The study group consist 56 students who start primary school in 60 months old. The working group were selected from moderate level of socio-economic level of the students in order to bear similarities with the average of Turkey. In research process, video recordings, photographs, student work sheets and books were created the data source for evaluation. On the sixteen week duration, researcher was discussed with participating teachers at least two times each week for continuity of the study. Data was obtained with "Development of Writing Skills of 60 Months Old Students in Primary School’s Observation Form ". Findings were analyzed with researcher and teachers. At the beginning of the study, the students sitting and painting skills are adequate; however, readiness of seating, hand, arm, muscle and eye coordination, to hold a pencil, use of the notebook is insufficient. On the end of the sixteen weeks of training, a significant portion of students has skills deficiencies in seating, hand, arm, muscle and eye coordination, to hold a pencil, use of the notebook still now. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26597 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26597 Mehtap AYDINER UYGUN The aim of this study is to analyze the relation between level of learning approaches of music teacher candidates in piano lessons and level of their academic success. Sample group of study consist of 770 students in Turkey`s music education departments in 2011-2012 education-teaching second semester. Some of the data of study were collected through the "Determination Scale to Learning Approaches in Piano Lesson" developed by Aydıner Uygun (2012). The scale consists of two main dimensions: deep learning approach and surface learning approach. Each one of these main dimensions include motive and strategy sub-dimensions. About sub-dimensions of scale which has 25 items in total; motive of deep learning consists of 5 items, deep learning strategy consists of 9 items, motive of surface learning consists of 6 items and surface learning strategy consists of 5 items. Data related to repertory level of students studied in piano lessons, their level of academic success in piano lessons and level of general academic success of students who receive music education were collected through a form developed by the researcher. According to the results obtained from study; level of deep learning approach [F(3,736)=46.48; p 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26550 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26550 Erkan Turan DEMİREL,Neslihan DERİN In recent years, the health sector is in an important transformation. In order to gain, compete, and keep their existence, it is necessary that the institutions giving health services have to attach importance to service quality and patient indemnification. Thus, when the people need, who satisfied from health services, they will go towards again the same institution. In this study, it was mentioned about the measurement of level of quality in health services and patient indemnification. Health and health care report carried in people's lives, to create quality of life and has special importance in the protection. In this regard, the delivery of health institutions that can measure the quality of service, according to the data obtained in the direction to increase the quality of service by providing important information on the health of future business plans to prepare, to identify policies and strategies will be important contributions. This study aims to give a scale aimed at measuring patient satisfaction to Turkish literature. Target audience (universe) is the patients and their relatives receiving inpatient medical service Turgut Özal Medical Center of Inonu University. The study was completed following the steps as “defining the attitude (feature) to be measured, organizing and implementing trial scale, analyzing data obtained from trial scale”. Primarily, an item pool was formed after the review of literature regarding patient satisfaction. Item pool was presented for expert opinion and then was discussed with a group in target audience. In the following step, pilot implementation was made. Raw data obtained from pilot implementation was analyzed with descriptive tests, reliability test, “item-total correlation test”, “upper-lower 27% difference test” and “confirmatory factor analysis”. The results confirmed the validity and reliability of the scale. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26573 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26573 Recep DÜNDAR Biga peninsula is region in the northwest of Turkey surrounded with Sea of Marmara in the north, Aegean Sea in the west and Gulf of Edremit in the south. As the region is situated at the passing route from Anatolia to Europea through Dardanelles, it experienced important events in the history. Sanjak of Biga which was founded in this region was under the control of Anatolia principality in the first several eras and was the passing and rally place for Ottoman troops moving to Rumelia and Western Anatolia thanks to its geographical and strategical position In this study, detailed Census Book dated February 5th 1516 that belonged to Sultan Selim period is analysed with relation to demographical features of Biga Province. According to the book, the Biga province is consisted of central Biga, Balya and Avlonya, Çan, Ezine-Bazarı, Lapseki and Çatal-Bergos towns. The Province includes 372 villages, 44 of which are deserted and 15 ruined, and 100 smaller settlement units. Biga is constituted of 5519 sections 1077 of which in the center, 1168 in Balya and Avlonya, 432 in Çan, 1057 in Ezine-Bazancı, 1251 in Lapseki and Çatal Bergos, 1251 in Muaflar and approximately a population of 27595 live in Biga. According to the Book, there were not any non-Muslim districts the core and peripheries of Biga. However, some non-Muslim communities and settlements existed in the rural outskirts. The overall non-Muslim population of the Province is considered to be around %1.5-2. Some Turkish nomadic communities were also detected living in the central regions and rural outskirts that had 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26579 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26579 Özgen KORKMAZ, Halis ALTUN It is commonly reported in the literature that there are problems related to computer programming learning which requires high level cognitive skills. There could be various reasons for this phenomenon, among them; the negative attitude of the students towards computer programming learning would be a common factor. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine the attitude of the students, which are from the department of computer engineering, electrical&electronic engineering and from the department of Computer and Instruction Technologies Education. The study is conducted as descriptive, quantitative scan model. The study group consists of 731 students from eight different universities. The study data are collected using “Scale for Attitude toward Computer Programming Learning” (?=0,87). Series of tests such as frequency percent, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test, single directional variance analysis and LSD (p 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26556 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26556 Funda SEMENDEROĞLU,Canberk YILMAZ,Cemre HATİPOĞLU,Gökmen Ataç SÖNMEZ,Necati GÖKMEN,Osman YILMAZ The aim of this study is to find out the effects on physical and mental development at rats that are separated from mothers and put into single housing. This study was conducted in Experimental Animal Research Center of Medical Faculty of Dokuz Eylül University. The ethical approval was taken from Dokuz Eylül University Animal Experiments Ethical Committee. In the study totally 28 rat puppies, 12 male and 16 female born from three Wistar Albino rats were used. 1st group (n: 6) the male rats puppies that have being away from the mother stress. 2nd group (n: 8) the female rats puppies that have being away from the mother stress. 3rd group (n: 6) the male rats puppies who don’t have separation stress. 4th group (n: 8) the female rats puppies who don’t have separation stress. All the puppy rats lived with their mother till the 18th day of their birth. The rats in 1st and 2 nd groups were taken from their mother between 18-30 th days, totally 12 days, 4 hours every day at the same time and same situation. Sucking from the mother was cut at the 30 th day and the puppy rats that are separated from the mothers at the 1 st and 2 nd groups were put to single housing between 30-90 days. On the other hand the other groups who don’t have separation stress were put in cages as males to get his and females to get her. The weight gain, food and water consumption was measured once a week to check out the physical development and water tank test was applied at 30 th and 90 th day to follow the mental development. There was a statistically significant difference (P 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26591 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26591 Ali Haydar ŞAR Loneliness is a serious problem, which is leading among the developmental problems in adolescence period. In 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26571 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26571 Serpil UMUZDAŞ Technic in music instruments refers to the skills to use organs in order to produce required movements to play. Improvisation is possible through these skills. Therefore, acquiring these skills is important. This study aims at identifying the technical problems experienced by high-school and undergraduate students in playing the cello. The study employs quantative description method. The problems identified are interpreted through frequency and percentages based on experience and grade levels. The population of the study is the cello students attending 54 fine arts and sports high schools and 23 music education branches of the fine arts education faculties. The sample of the study includes eight randomly selected students from each institution. The data of the study were collected through a survey questionnaire. The items of the questionnaire were developed based on review of literature on right and left hand techniques in playing the cello. The questionnaire was reviewe by two specialists. After making necessary improvements on the questionnaire, it was administered to three cello students from high school and three cello undergraduates. Then it was administered to the sample. The findings of the study show that the majority of the participants have difficulty in using their left hands in playing the cello. In addition, they have difficulty in position shifting, agility, double stops, thumb position, grace notes, intonation and detache. The most of the participants also reported that they had not learnt the topics of sottie, martele and harmonics. It is expected that the findings of this study will guide the future studies on the topic. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26632 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26632 H. Sibel ÜNALAN ÖZDEMİR Tarsus, one of the historically oldest and largest towns of the city of Mersin, has almost always been an important center in the historical process due to its geographical location. It is thanks to the archeological excavations carried out at Tarsus that its occupation is deduced to date back to the Neolithic period. Going much further back in history palette, Tarsus has been the setting for many civilizations. The knowledge of the existence of many architectural buildings belonging to Turco-Islamic period is obtained from both travelogues, historical sources and documents, and the publications on Tarsus as well. However, there is an architectural building which there is no information is given in these sources and documents, except for one article in which its name, location are given and is shortly introduced by including its facade drawings, and this building is our research subject. Located in the yard of Hasan Karamehmet Elementary School, on the western skirts of Gözlukule Mound in the south of Tarsus, the tomb which has been put under protection by the efforts of the excavation team carrying out Gözlükule excavations within the boundaries of the archeological site is publicly known as Duatepe Tomb. Although it looks like an ordinary tomb with its construction material, workmanship and appearance, it is a significant example having some interesting features both for history of architecture and Tarsus. The masonry structure, which has a square plan and is covered by cloistered vault, is also surrounded by a square planned periphery wall. The top of the corridor, which is created around the square planned structure by this periphery wall, is kept open. No ornament is located in the extremely simple structure. This tomb is unique in terms of architectural feature and plan design ever built in Anatolia, and is a vital example for the researchers who will study on funerary monuments. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to introduce the unknown tomb with statistical drawings and photographs, on which there have been no scientific publications in the field of Art History; and ultimately to clarify the place and importance of it in the Turkish Architecture and in the history of Tarsus. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26613 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26613 Hava SELÇUK In the XIX th century, the Ottoman Empire faced with many improvements and changes in administrative, financial and economical structure. One of these changes is census. By the middle of the century with a number of administrative changes, census was conducted in the entire country. These changes and census, made in the entire country, shows us the structure of the population and also gives us an opportunity to make number of assessments on a local basis. In this study, after determining the borders of Nigde we will do an assessment on the population of sanjak. The first population census in Otoman Empire was made in 1831, Mahmut the 2nd’s era. Back in 1831, Nigdeheld a district status under Konya state. Prime Ministry Otoman Empire Archives’ “Defter-i kaza-i ba-Nefs-i Niğde ve Maden–i Bereketlü ve Yahyalu ve Şücaeddin ve Bor tab-i liva-i Niğde” Nigde District population Book, under number 3553’s pages between 6 and 91, information on Nigde’s districtand villages have been taken under examination and area’s socio-economic state is discussed. The book itself consists of 476 pages. In the register there are characteristics of people (long-haired, bearded, black bearded, grey bearded, naturally lacking bearded and tall), their ages, jobs and dates of death when they died in a few years that followed. In the date of census of population places where these people went were written if they were out of town. Also it was registered that households were poor or not. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26601 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26601 Bedia KOÇAKOĞLU Turkish short story, which got through various stages of Turkish literature and reached its present form, flowed up to two arch starting with the Tanzimat period to Republic period. When examining its course, its classical perception of expression westernisated gradually and its genre transformed from "tale" to the "story", and it is moving in a straight postmodern line today. By following this trace, post-modern Turkish history has quite a different features especially in the technical, ficional and linguistic aspects.. One of the best examples of recent years is Gönül Çolak’s (1971-) Komi ve Kemikler (Carrier and the Bones) which has won Yunus Nadi Story Award 2009. According to Gönül Çolak who makes a good start her literature life thanks to this work of art, art is a type of existence. What interests the autor, in the literary world which exists that human driving round and round in the mechanism, is space and ridiculousness. In this context, in order to artist who begins to question the real, history is the moments of “encounter” and “ecstasy”. This stories fictionalised between sleep and alertness are the result of Çolak’s mind which perceives sleekly the fact. The story book of the author which has gained more sturdy place with his novella called as Yılanın Gözünden İçeri (2012) (Inside the Eye of the Serpent), in general has attracted attention by its feature which acquire the act of writing as a problem. Especially, necessitate us to place his stories in a significant spot local adage which runs parallel postmodern posture in the contexts of narrative techniques and fiction . In this article, perception of authorship of Gönül Çolak who has not been sufficiently recognized in world of literature yet, will be elaborated, then artist’s story book called as Komi ve Kelebekler will be resolved in various aspects. And general conclusions will be suggested about currently position of Çolak in Turkish literature and in position which can be reached by him. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26569 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26569 Ötüken SENGER Recently, simulation techniques have been widely used in social and medical sciences as well as natural and applied sciences. One of the most common fields of application of these simulation techniques is determination of statistical powers and probabilities of type I error of both parametric and nonparametric tests. Simulation number plays a vital role in such deterministic studies. In case of number of simulations not being sufficient for a clear analysis, then study findings may be inconsistent and instable. In contrast, if number of simulations exceeds the suitable number then it means waste of time. In this study, the effects of different numbers of simulations on determination process of statistical powers and probabilities of type I error of nonparametric tests were discussed. Furthermore, optimum numbers of simulations for determining statistical powers and probabilities of type I error were suggested for future researchers. In this context, one of the nonparametric tests which is used for testing data obtained from two samples, namely Wald Wolfowitz runs test was applied and results were generalized for all nonparametric tests. In study, four equal and small sample sizes were used, these were as follows: (5, 5), (10, 10), (15, 15) and (20, 20). Simulation runs were performed for twenty different numbers of simulation. Significance level? was assumed as 0, 05 for each sample size. Study was performed by taking the prerequisites of normality and homogeneity of variance into account. According to results; if researchers perform 80.000 simulation runs for a sample size of 5, 60.000 for a sample size of 10 and 50.000 for a sample size of 15 and 40.000 for a sample size of 20 they will have the optimum numbers of simulations in practice. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26553 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26553 Murat ATEŞ, Akif KARATEPE In our age, one of the positive results of globalization is that the threats and problems facing our world are handled at a global level rather than locally. People are expected to contribute to and take part in the solution of these problems as responsible and active in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26575 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26575 Resul BABAOĞLU Interms of consequences, 6/7 September, 1955 Events that almost all people meet sadly, has taken place withit ssociological, historical, and political aspects in the recent history. Strained Turkish-Greek relations especially after the emergence of the Cyprus Problem and causing the result of excessive increase in the national enthusiasm in Turkey brought about the occurrence that sparked 6/7 September events in a little while. As a result of the attacks starting in İstanbul spreaded out in a while especially in the regions Rum minority lived, thousands of movable and unmovable vehicles and places such as workplaces, stores, vehicles along with temples of Christian community were destroyed. The effects of these events felt up to the present have been tried to explai nthe actual purpose with various studies. Because the 6/7 September Events are a hard and multidimensional issue to solve that Rum community surviving for centuries in Turkey had never faced such an act during it shistory. In recent years, in the academic studies related to 6/7 September events especially the causes of the events are examined with the material and spiritual aspects of the results. In addition, compensation for damages, the effects of these events on the Greek Community, the attitudes of the pres and the public and also organized relief campaigns are among the topics studied. However, to make any claims on the basis of existing sources on the perpetrators of the events can hardly achieve anything than an estimate. In this study, an assessment of the results of the present studies that are extremely complex are conducted by examining the 6/7 September perpetrators of the alleged charges against in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26560 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26560 Hür Kamil BİÇİCİ This concerns,“Ottoman Period Decorated Gravestones of Ortakent”. Among the cemetery of Ortakent, The dates of the gravestones are between 17.th-19.th centuries and 1 samples of 35 are from 17.th. century, 15 are from 18.th., 19 are from 19.th. century. Gravestones were of marble. The lenghts of the stones are between 145 cm.-48 cm., their widths are between 44 cm.-15 cm., their thicknesses are between 30 cm.-4 cm. Most of the samples are in rectangular and shapes and some are rectangular-prizmal. 13 of them have Foot gravestones. 11 head gravestones have large wadded turban (kavuk), turban(sarık), fez (fes) and kerchief. All of the gravestones have inscriptions. 5 of them are without inscriptions. Inscriptions on 11 samples were laid diagonal, and 24 of them were laid in a linear system, 30 of head ve foot gravesones are in good condition. 5 samples are broken. 7 of 35 gravestones are men’s and 28 are of women’s. While scarping was used for making gravestones are scarping, and painting were used as the main decoration tecnique is seen on foot stone with the painting technique, inscriptions of stones were coloured. Most of the inscriptions and decorations are relieved. Decoration subjects seen on gravestones are phytomorphic, geometric, objective and calligraphic. Most of the floral decorations are naturalistic. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26635 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26635 İsmail ERDOĞAN Throughout the literature of Islam Philosophy, the first examples of the tradition of story telling are that of Ibn Sina. However, translated from Greek by Huneyn b. Ishak, Salaman and Absal story and the story of Er, the son of Armeios, in the work of Platon: 'State' has inspired Ibn Sina and other Islam philosophers in terms of symbolic narration. The work of Ibn Sina Hayy b. Yakzan has paved the way for similar works such as Gurbatul Garbiyye written by Suhravardi, Hayy b. Yakzan by Ibn Tufeyl, Salaman and Absal by Molla Jami. For his paper on the symbolic work of Ibn Sina 'Hayy b. Yakzan', Ali Suavi choose the name of two characters Salaman and Absal. However 'Salaman and Absal' rather than being an independent work of Ibn Sina, is only a symbolic expression in the tenth chapter of his work al-Işarat va’t-Tanbihat. The aim of Ali Suavi is to compare the works not only Ibn Sina but also of other Islam philosophers who chose the same characters. About the sources of the story, unlike other views that have been put forward, Holy Scripture has been included in this analysis. Before that analysis, other claims were on the side that the sources are from Ancient Greek, Egypt and Arabic. Therefore, bringing a new perspective to the topic, Ali Suavi has paved the way for rediscussion of Salaman and Absal stories. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26576 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26576 Turgut İLERİ In this study, it is tried to give information about the first regulations on working life of the miners in the following years after the declaration of Republic. In the Ottoman Period starting from the declaration of the Reform, the general status of the country about mining and the lacknesses were determined. In a way, the importance of mining industry was understood. In the same period, mining issues were reorganised besides the improvement in every field. At the end of all developments, the first legal organisation was done by Field Regulation declared in 1858. Up to that date, no serious and radical legal regulation was encountered about mining. Following this regulation, a second regulation called Mining Regulation was prepared in 1862 based on the French Mining Law. After the declaration of this new regulation the mining issues were reorganised. However, the working life of the miners was disregarded again in this regulation. The issues about the working life of the miners were first mentioned in Ereğli Kömür Maden-i Hümayun İdaresi Nizamnamesi declared in 1867. The rules of this regulation were applied to the mining sector until 1921. In the mentioned regulation, the working, sleeping and the resting hours of the miners, the food, wages and health problems and the responsibilities of the mine owners were determined. Nevertheless, these rules were not put into application because of many reasons. All these lacknesses were tried to be deleted in the period starting from the declaration of Republic. When the Turkish Grand National Assembly opened, the conditions of the miners were discussed and then the neccessary and important alterations were made such as the regulation in working conditions, protecting the miners’health, helping the miners and exempting the miners from the taxes. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26581 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26581 Gonca KIZILKAYA CUMAOĞLU, Yasemin KOÇAK USLUEL The aim of this study is to observe whether the participation of course instructor in the environment of interaction set up by the discussion board in on-line learning environment has influence on the learners’ interaction level and frequency. The research group consists of 33 students who have been studying in Department of Computer and Instructional Technologies in 3th class. The course is carried out blended being face-to-face and on-line in one semester. The Blackboard Learning Management System (LMS) was used in online part of the course. A two-stage process composing of eight weeks is performed in the research. Related the course subjects a discussion topic was opened to the discussion board weekly. In first stage of the process, instructor did not guide students as well as not participate to the environment. In the second stage, instructor indicated that the participation of discussion board will be evaluated and she was also actively joined to the online discussion environment. To identify the participation and guidance effect of instructor in discussion boards “The evaluation of interaction on web based discussion boards rubric” was used (Kızılkaya and Usluel, 2008). Rubric was composed of 8 items and 5 levels. When the frequency data placed on the rubric is observed, it is seen that there is an increase in the total message number (first four week: 104, second four week: 116). Another finding that draws attention is the increase of quality of messages apart from the increase of number of messages. In the second stage in which the instructor participated actively in the online environment, there is an increase in composing authentic thought, critical approach and discussing the thought s/he favors or stands against and in the number of messages towards sharing attitude (first stage: 23, second stage: 67). In this study, it is detected that the participation of course instructor in the interaction environment has increased the students’ quality and frequency of participation level in this interaction environment. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26559 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26559 Fuat BOYACIOĞLU, Serap ERDAĞ The gratuitous behavior is appeared as an impulsive act that the actor realizes without any motivation and/or provacation. This behavior shows that the actor makes freely his acts from all types of reasons. This act is also a demonstration of the liberty of the author/maker realising the gratuitous behavior. It is question of the motivelessness of the act in the manner of this behavior. This act deprived of all explicit motivations, reasons and necessities doesn’t provide any interest to the actor who realized the act. This act is totally gratuitous and it is impossible to ascertain its reasons. In his novel named Les Caves du Vatican Andre Gide, one of famous french novelist of the frech literature exposed this fact by his hero Lafcadio realizing the gratuitous behavior by killing an innocent person Amédée Fleurissoire. In his novel L’Etranger, Albert Camus being one of existentialist writers, created a novel hero Mersault realizing the gratuitous behavior by killing a person in the beach. In his work Gide doesn’t establish any causative correlation between the actor and his act. He emphasises specially the free will which conduces the actor to realise the act. This shows that the actor realising the gratuitous behavior is free and independent. Although the hero Lafcadio acting the gratuitous behavior is conscious of his act, he is deprived of designating the reasons which conduce him to perform this behavior. As for Camus, he accentuates on the character of his hero Mersault acting the gratuitous behavior. His character makes Mersault realize involuntarily and unconsciously his acts. This hero consents to his destiny without making pleadings before the judge because he regards the struggle against the external factors as absurd. He is sentenced to death. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26616 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26616 Şahika KARACA Fatma Aliye and Emine Semiye Hanim, daughters of Ahmet Cevdet Pasha, who was an important man of state during Tanzimat Period and Islamic jurist, are important figures in the women movement in the Ottoman. Two sisters not only express their ideas about womanhood in their articles but also question issues related with womanhood via heroines in their literary works. However, as intellectual Ottoman authoresses, they sometimes differed in the point of view expressing issues related with womanhood. Fatma Aliye continued Ahmet Cevdet Pasha’s traditional and devoted Islamic approach as his daughter. However, her two year younger sister Emine Semiye sometimes differed in both her life style and works from the ideas of her father and sister. Therefore, Fatma Aliye and Emine Semiye do not stay indifferent to issues related with womanhood but yet have 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26620 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26620 Selami ÖZSOY, Nurgül TEZCAN KARDAŞ , Levent GÖRÜN , Mustafa Ertan TABUK , Nuran KANDAZ GELEN , Aysun AFAT This research aims to identify the opinions of physical education and sports teachers in Turkey regarding the sports media. The sample of the study was made up of randomly selected physical education and sports teachers working in Bolu, Düzce and Sakarya provinces and their districts. The literature was reviewed and a 21-item Likert type survey was developed in order to gather the opinions of teachers about the sports media. After collecting the expert views, revisions were made to the survey which was implemented to 272 teachers. Cronbach’s Alpha value which shows the reliability of the data was found out to be 0.639. According to teacher opinions, although media allocates importance to sports (4.04), it does not cover various sports branches (1.98). It was mentioned by the teachers that the most conspicuous sports event in the news was football (4.31). The physical education and sports teachers characterize the sports media as an effective but extensively football-oriented, unqualified, unscientific tool that publishes and broadcasts for the sake of the fans. According to these teachers, the sports media is a factor that intensifies violence in sports fields with its visual and printed tools. It was also seen as more effective on the fans compared to the main elements of sports: sportsmen/women, referees and administrators. According to the teachers, sports media contributes to the introduction of sports branches in the country and very effective in teaching the rules of games. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26599 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26599 Doğan DUMAN, Özgür Şahap VARNALI The policy of building up a domestic bourgeois class and strengthening the national economy in order to save the country from the pressure and exploitation of the foreign capital, was a policy that had been taken over from the Committee of Union and Progress. The establisher leader team of the Republic carried on this policy with determination. Some legal regulations were made related to this issue right after the new regime was established. While consuming domestic goods was encouraged on one hand, saving consciousness and habits were tried to be created on the other, to ensure the capital formation. The 1929-1930 World Economic Crisis, which was the first global crisis of the capitalist world, made the policy of shifting to domestic goods and reducing consumption more important, which Turkey had already started. Mobilization was declared on consuming domestic goods, aside from serious import cuts. Various legal and institutional regulations were made for this reason. Although it lost its importance totally today, “Savings and Domestic Goods Week” had started to be celebrated in the primary schools between December 12-18, which had been a product of the policy of national economy that was tried to be formed. Also, using domestic goods and the idea of making a contribution to national economy by saving were developed in the media of the time, in children’s magazines and in children’s plays written with educational purposes on various subjects. In this research it was tried to be revealed how the policy of saving and consuming domestic goods was implemented efficiently, especially through children’s plays/dramas during 1930s. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26561 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26561 Zekerya BATUR,Mustafa ULUTAŞ The aim of this study is to present to what extent the teaching programs in Turkey can promote the skills which have been measured in PISA applications. For this purpose, the question “do the reading comprehension objectives in the 6th – 8th grade Turkish teaching program overlap the proficiency levels defined in PISA test?” is tried to be answered. This study is descriptive and it is based on document analysis. In the study, the summary definitions of the “2009 PISA Reading Proficiency Levels” of and “Turkish Course Reading Proficiency Objectives” are reviewed and compared. According to the research, 18 of the 51 objectives of 2006 Primary (6th, 7th, 8th grade) Turkish Reading Proficiency Objectives are observed to overlap the PISA’s low level objectives. The fact that Turkish reading proficiency objectives’ mostly overlapping to the low-level objectives of PISA is remarkable here. In parallel with this, it has been always a problem to advance students to the up next level. It is also seen that, the objectives planned for the Turkish courses are thought to be usually composed that of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade levels. Therefore, it seems hardly possible for the 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students to advance to the next cognitive levels. According to those low-level objectives, it can be said that the students remain at the literacy level. In this sense, when compared to the PISA proficiency levels, the Turkish course objectives are too superficial and also their implementation levels are relative. Hence, the Turkish course objectives should be changed into more measurable, concrete and applicable state and they should be enhanced to the PISA level. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26552 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26552 Ahmet İlker AKBABA, Abdulkadir ÖZDEMİR , Abdullah NARALAN About 15% of the world population and about 13% of Turkish population is comprised of disabled people; this means that every 8 people in Turkey possess limited disabled. Even if the ratios of the total seem to be low, when the issue is considered in terms of product and service demand of disabled, these ratios should not be neglected. However, disability is not only a common sense, but also a right and justice issue, because disabled people must have fundamental rights such as equal treatment, reputation, ability to sustain their lives independently and being a part of the community. In this respect, we are obliged to provide required possibilities and opportunities for them to enjoy these rights. The necessities of disabled people are similar to non-disabled people so, disabled people should be perceived as an integrated part of the society and satisfy their necessities, instead of distinguishing them as a separate part. At this point, the most crucial duty belongs to all the corresponding in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26563 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26563 Hikmet Feridun GÜVEN Efforts to understand, interpret and review the classical Turkish literature, has increased in recent years. Studies have been developing in two aspects. Analysis of poetry expositions, identification and comparison of application methods on expositions with each other, are the first aspect of the studies. The second aspect is applicability of modern methods of text interpretation to the classical Turkish literature texts and text interpretation studies in this direction. This study is to understand and interpret the work of poetry. In poet-poem-reader trilogy, after a theoretical evaluation about writing and interpretation of the poem, a ghazal of Necati Bey is analyzed and interpreted. Review was held in three stages. Reading of the text, fictionalizing the story and interpretation of the text. Reading stage, has been done to leave the reader with the text alone, a crude reading. To feel the changes on level of comprehension of the reader, who will meet again at a later stage the text, description or comments have not been added. The second stage is building of the story that provides content integrity of the text. In this fiction, essay of couplet array has been presented. The text becomes more comprehensible when it is read with this fiction. In interpret phase; both traditional annotation method and modern text interpreting methods are used. At this stage, each couplet has been dealt separately, on couplet explanation, attention was paid to the relationships between texts. With the help of the couplets chosen from Necati Bey and the other Divan poets, meanings, put on the words by the poet, are shown. In the result section an overall assessment has been done and the position of ghazal in tradition has been tried to be find. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26602 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26602 Zeki NACAKCI The science of folklore which usually focuses on the way of life of folks everywhere shows differences according to communities and countries in the way music does. The science of folklore and music has become essential parts of the culture of societies in the scope of these differences and their richness of materials. Folk dances which are the important synthesis of the science of folklore and music have gained the role of shaping the identity of either the musical structure or the dances of the culture of the folks. At the ultimate point, music which has multi- cultural functions, has acquired an important place amongst folk dances and become inseparable from them. However the music used in folk dances, may present itself theoretically due to its relationship with social and public concepts. At this stage this question may arise: Which one of the aspects of the music of folk dances is more essential? Or should they be not considered separately? It should become quite difficult to find an appropriate answer to this question as the reality of the different regions of our country and that each region has got its own cultural aspects comes into the light. This study aims to state the musical characteristics of the folkloric melodies that belong to The Teke region where these type of melodies have become important in terms of form, variety, style and tune and henceforth classify them accordingly. Therefore tunes belonging to the Teke region in the repertoires of TRT Turkish Folk Music and related written materials were scanned by means of which 214 works were analysed musically. At the end of the study, the musical identity of every song has been stated and the tune of the regional songs, their timing in terms of measure and the like has been presented in numerically. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26577 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26577 Alpaslan OKUR, Funda KESKİN Learning a foreign language means not only learning the structural use of a language, but also a meeting a new culture, being acquainted with that culture and finally adopting culture. The learners of a foreign associate their own culture with the one that learn via recognizing the people’s thought and attitudes in that new culture and they also make comparisons between them. As a result they get more tolerant viewpoints. The close relationship between language and culture reveals the fact that it is impossible to master a language without learning its culture. In the recent language teaching approaches among the transfer of culture has become important, the course book which are the essential part of classroom materials are based on culture of target language and reflect it. With the conscious selection of the text in the course book prepared to teach a foreign language, they might be highly efficient during learning process in terms of transfer of the culture. Regarding the idea that language teaching is an area of intercultural encounter, in this study the place and the significance of written texts which are among cultural transfer instruments and at the same time which have been used in Turkish as a foreign language courses are questioned, analyzed and culture transfer through textbooks has been evaluated following certain criteria within the context of teaching Turkish to foreigners based on İstanbul Turkish for foreigners series A1, A2, B1 and B2 course book. The evaluation of the İstanbul Turkish for foreigners course book series from the perspective of cultural transmission has revealed that they contain limited cultural elements in A1 and A2 levels course book, in B1 and B2 levels contains more cultural elements than A1 an A2 levels but they have to be enhanced more cultural elements. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26566 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26566 Mehmet ÖZGER In this article, the metaphor of beloved in the poem of Sezai Karakoç called “Zamana Adanmış Sözler”will be studied by the help of deconstruction technique. When examined by the method of reading text which is based on volatility of meaning, it is emerged that the metaphor of beloved, which can be considered in different meanings, shows only a single meaning while examining in the context of Islamic art and aesthetics. Deconstructiontechnique andindicator of beloved in the poem face shift in meaning as Istanbul, civilization, the idea ofresurrection, the human beloved, the prophet sometimes as God or imagine. Beloved indicator in the text always displaces so meaning cannot be captured. According to deconstruction, that the meaning infinitely 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26587 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26587 Şebnem SOYGÜDER Which criteria are being taken into consideration by the photograph editors who are trying to arouse the readers’ interest to the news photograph, when they are selecting the photograph that is going to take place in the newspaper? News photographers take the photograph with the point of view that they chose, among the hundreds of vision choices and opportunities. The photograph editors who are employed (should be employed) in the newspapers decide one or a few of these photographs. Although the person who takes the news photograph is a news photographer, the photograph editors evaluate and choose the photographs. In our country, photograph editorship institution does not exactly take place in every newspaper, unfortunately. Today, we know and see that still the news editors, news principals or page secretaries do this job. However, this job should not be left to the drive of the people who are lack of photography knowledge. Just like “writing”, photography is a language too. In fact, it is a universal language. The people who are reading, evaluating, choosing the photographs should be donated with the knowledge of light, techniques of taking photographs, composition, esthetics and ethics. If the news photographs that are going to be used are evaluated and chosen by the photograph editors, the more qualified photographs will emerge in respect to technical, content and esthetic view and the less false photographs will emerge in respect to ethical issue. . Sometimes, we come across with the photographs that have technical, ethical and esthetical problems or they are full of faults. Because of that, it is not fair to say the ethical problems in the news photographs are caused only by the news photographers. The greatest majority of this responsibility belongs to the photograph editors. Because of this reason, we will try to explain photograph editorship institution and its importance in the way of journalism ethics with the examples from the world and Turkey. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26551 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26551 Seda ARIKAN The debut novel of Zadie Smith, White Teeth, handles the notions of “history” and “root” momentously. The novel, which presents the characters’ past and root with many minor stories, functions as a historical bond connecting the past to the present and the future. As a postcolonial and multicultural novel, White Teeth presents historical consciousness in two-dimensional manner; racial history and personal history. By depicting the stories of immigrant and multi-ethnic families of the novel, Zadie Smith reveals a racial history which examines the colonial background of Britain as a colonizer. In White Teeth, this racial and colonial history is related to the familial and personal one and by this way how history and root affect the first and second generation immigrant and multi-ethnic families is questioned in a critical way. In this respect, this study examines the place and significance of “history” and “root” in the life of multi-ethnic and/or immigrant families and their racially and/or culturally hybrid children in White Teeth. In the study, the notions of “history” and “root” are handled related to the racial and personal stories of the characters. That’s why; the characters’ relation to their racial, familial and personal history, their search for a historical identity, the difficulties and dilemmas they experience in the process of gaining a historical consciousness and how much they achieve to form a historical consciousness and root in their lives will be presented as significant determiners in this study. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26630 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26630 Mehpare KARAHAN GÖKMEN Conservatism is one of the oldest concepts in accounting and has a great influence. However debates on accounting conservatism are as old as its existence. Significance of accounting conservatism also bases on being one of attributes of earnings that is a significant item in financial statements. While estimating quality of earnings, conservatism is taken into consideration. In this study it is aimed to contribute to literature on accounting conservatism with empirical research in Turkey. One of the motivations of this study is limited number of research on accounting conservatism in Turkey. Conditional conservatism which is one of two types of accounting conservatism is held in context of its impact on usefulness of accounting information for valuation. Value relevance of earnings is chosen as the proxy for usefulness of accounting information. Although accounting conservatism and value relevance of earnings or book values are very attractive research topics separately, the number of studies that analyzes the relation between these two concepts is not very high. It is also aimed to contribute to this area in which mixed evidence has been obtained. As measurement methods for conditional conservatism and value relevance of earnings contain both financial accounting and capital market data, another contribution of this study is to Capital Market Based Accounting Research in Turkey. Empirical evidence provided using panel data statistical analysis on 106 manufacturing firms listed on Istanbul Stock Exchange indicates that conditional conservatism has a negative impact on value relevance of earnings. The findings of the study also support the decision of International Accounting Standards Board for the exclusion of conservatism from Conceptual Framework. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26567 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26567 Çağrı ÖZTÜRK DEMİRBAŞ The aim of this study is to determine whether the attitudes of geography teachers regarding ecological dilemmas vary depending on social value orientation. Thus, it has been tried to found out whether the prosocial geography teachers or the in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26604 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26604 Ayşegül ERGİŞİ Psychoanalysis which was based by Sigmund Freud is a frequently used method in literary criticism. Having presented the first example of psychoanalytic criticism, Freud saw the author as a neurotic person while he analyzed the psychological symptoms put forward in the text by the same author. In his opinion, suppressed instincts lead the author to write and the author is freed from the pressure due to the action of creation. This method which tries to find the source of creating claims that the subconscious of the author is indicated in the text. Furthermore, answers are sought to the questions as to why art came into existence and why the artist keeps creating. Besides being a method that places the author in the center, psychoanalytic criticism enables analyses oriented towards the characters, style, and content of the work. In this text, Halide Edib Adıvar’s (1882-1964) novel titled as Handan (1912) has been analyzed on the basis of psychoanalytic criticism theory. There are explicit similarities between the author and the protagonist of the novel, Handan. As the novel has autobiographic characteristics, the author’s writing of herself as a woman and her weaving of female psychology and love as an emotion gains importance. In the novel there are three love triangles developing around the idealized modern woman: In the Nâzım-Handan-Hüsnü Paşa triangle, sexuality is valued above ideology; in the Handan-Refik Cemal-Neriman triangle modern woman is preferred to traditional woman; and in the Hüsnü Paşa-Handan-Refik Cemal triangle, the modern woman finds a new love after the betrayals. The idealized modern woman wants to experience an absolute coalescence with the object of desire on the sexual and mental surfaces and to surrender to the relationship she has desired with all her existence. The moment she finds mutual love, she is punished with death by author. Although an end like this is related to the preference of the author to obey the social conditions of the period, when love affair and the expression of female psychology is taken into consideration, it can be indicated that novel as a genre has been developed in a positive manner. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26636 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26636 Füsun KARA In this article, the formation of Kyrgyz Soviet State is discussed. Kyrgyzs are one of muslim tribes in Central Asia. Having the oldest history in Turkish nations, the name of Kyrgyz takes place in historical contexts. Kyrgyzs take place in history registers of China in 203-201s BC. The invasion of Kyrgyzstan by Russia started in the mids of 19th century and all of Kyrgyzstan was completely invaded by Russian Empire in the year 1876. Kyrgyzstan became an important area of Russian colonial policy. The best lands of Kyrgyzstan was given to Russian and Slavic immigrants. So many important events happened in Turkish World in the year 1917. Because there were lots of Turkish communities living in Russian then. Bolshevik Revolution ended the Tsarist rule in Kyrgyzstan but it didnt bring independence to Kyrgyzs. Kyrgyzstan was renamed as Kyrgyzstan Kara Kyrgyz Autonomous Region when Soviet regime took the control in Kyrgyzstan in 1919. The revolution committee of Kara Kyrgyz Autonomous Region took the decision of detecting the borders among their country and the other countries in Turkistan as it was a necessity because of the uncertainty during then. A commission was created for the purpose of territioralizing Kyrgyzstan and this commission was given the duties of clarifying the borders of Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzs was named as Kara Kyrgyz for being distinguished from Kazakhs till the mids of 1920s. It was renamed as Kara Kyrgyz Autonomous Republic in 1926 and as Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic in 1936. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26555 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26555 Osman ORUÇHAN Estabilishing the hadiths of belonging of the Prophet has been one of the important issues related to the Muslim scholars from the earliest times. Because, the hadiths have an important meritorious place in life of Muslims, about belief, worship, and many issues concerning the relations between human beings. However, hadiths couldn’t be transmitted originally to the next generations. A large part of the texts have been deformed, because they were transmitted with meaning. On the other hand, lots of hadiths were fabricated by different groups, for various purposes. However, the scholars could not develop a reliable method to select authentic hadith text from non authentic ones. So lots of hadith which are in the hadith collections were reconsidered and investigated on its authenticity. İn this article, the authenticity of the hadith texts related by seventy thousand people will enter to the heaven without questioning was discussed. These texts were transmitted by fifteen companions with different texts. Our study includes all the text of the hadiths about entering heaven without questioning. Resources of this investigation was limited to the period of classification and codification of the nine books of hadith (Kütüb-i Tis’a). This investigation includes the hadiths not only in the nine boks of hadith, but the hadith which were written in this period as well. Hadith texts are classified in names of Companions. One of the longest text which was transmitted from one of the companions was fully and the differences have been pointed out by comparing this longest text with the other texts. İf we want to mention about all of these hadith texts, it will completely exceed the limits of an article. Then the texts of hadiths have been analyzed and the differences between texts were discussed. Some of the information in these hadiths, were evaluated for the criterias of the text critisizing of hadith. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26574 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26574 Kürşat YENİLMEZ, Ayla ATA In modern education systems, it is aimed to train in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26643 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26643 Esra BAYRAK AYAŞ, Vedat ÇINAR , Bilal ÇOBAN , Zeki COŞKUNER Epistemology is philosophical movement that searches for the knowledge. Epistemological belief is the person’s own comments about how one learns and teaches the knowledge. So, the epistemological beliefs demonstrate all decisions taken during the lives of in 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26594 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26594 Gökhan GÖKULU, Nilay HOSTA This study examines the effects of the media’s especially printed media’s representation of violence against women. The study aims to examine the effects of the language used in the newspapers about violance towards women news. The degree of responsibility, that press shows about publishing the news about violence, which is a very sensitive matter, is a highly important issue. Besides, choosing the words used in these news, apart from sensation and as objective as possible is very valuable for our subject also. Considering these, our study aims to examine the effects and possible results of the language the press uses in this kind of news. Violence against women is an widespread social problem in Turkey and in the world. The study deals with how the press presents the news about violence towards women via qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Besides, it also tries to show how sensational expressions and violence content takes place in press. The study will analyse the genre, the way of presentation and the place of the news in various newspapers in a quantitative analysis manner. Whereas in the qualitative data analysis, it is touched upon the news of violence towards women and how the press uses the language while presenting these news in detail. The study will manage to examine the news about violence towards women in various newspapers such as Sabah, Hürriyet and Posta in between 2005 & 2008 according to our topic. These newspapers are chosen due to their press run, widespread availability and easy accessibility. In this respect, the study shows that examined newspapers report the incidents regarding the violence against women in a slipshod, sensational and violent manner. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26562 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=26562 Mehmet Emin TUĞLUK Proverb is rigid, sententious, succinct and anonymous saying that is on basis of rule, based on observations and experiences of years, involves wise thoughts and philosophical mysteries and also bears the trace of community’s culture. These rigid sayings, first example of what oral literature material is, have been written in time. As well as major ones that changed in time, there are also the ones extant that are unchanged or a little changed. When these sententious and succinct sayings have been used appropriate, they become a strong express means. Mostly distinct feature of these sayings are their being rigid language unit. For that reason, except innovations in historical and social construction, word and sentence construction of proverbs do not change. By means of their construction of being short sentences, they stick in mind and have more effective expression. They are usually in feature of ruling sentence. Some of them have poetic expression and it is seen also in proverbs prosody, rhyme and alliteration that are used in poetic expression mostly. So they express intensive feelings and thoughts in a simple way. By means of semantic and structural features of proverbs, they provides these fluent expressions. When structural feature is said, it is usually thought word groups and sentence order. But there are some structures that are used as entire by showing similar features in structure of sentences. In this study, trying to determine the usage of patterns containing proverbs, the stuructures of these patterns will be emphasized and these patterns will be classiffied within their group. 2024-08-29