https://jasstudies.com/?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=580 The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies en 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27693 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27693 Özden TEZEL The purpose of this study is to determine the preferred dominant the secondary school students’ learning styles from Kolb Learning Styles and investigate the relation between learning styles and learning forms in terms of gender, class level and grade science lesson. The study was done with 534 students from 6, 7 and 8 grade students of the four secondary school which were chosen by sample from Çifteler, Eskişehir. Scanning model has been used in the study. Kolb Learning Style Inventory (LSI) which was translated into Turkish by Aşkar and Akkoyunlu (1993) was used as a data collecting mean. There are four expressions in each 12 items in this inventory. These four expressions are related to learning form. Data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage value, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA analyze techniques. According to the data obtained; it was found that secondary school students’ have mostly “Assimilating” learning style and they have less “Converging” learning style. Secondary school students’ learning styles varies according to the type of class and success level. Learning forms and components did display difference according to gender, class and success level. Also, when the distribution of students’ learning style to gender were examined, it has been seen that girls and boys have most “Assimilating” and “Diverging” learning style and the least Converging and Accommodating learning style. Significant difference has not occur in RO (Reflective Observation) and AC (Abstract Conceptualiziation) in terms of score means by gender, but significant difference has been found in CE (Concrete Experience) and AE (Active Experimentation). Students’ learning forms and components have been determined according to class grade, it has been found that learning forms and components differ according to class grade (p 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27703 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27703 Ahmet BENZER Reading is one of the most important tools of obtaining information. I 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27783 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27783 Uğur ÜÇÜNCÜ The occupation of İzmir by the Greeks on 15 May 1919 was important results on the Turks and Greeks. While the Turkish Nation experienced great sadness, Greeks had lived in the happiness of approaching the Megalo Idea. However, because of the occupation of İzmir by Greeks, the Turks showed great reaction against the Greeks. At the same time the occupation increased the desire of the Turkish National Struggle. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, The Turkish Nation won important victories in Inönü Wars and Sakarya War at the Western Front. Especially after the Turkish victory against the Greek army at Dumlupınar, on 30 August 1922, Greek forces were constantly retreating towards Izmir. Finally İzmir was liberated from the Greek occupation on September 9, 1922, by Turkish army. The İzmir’s liberation was important results on the Turks and Greeks. First of all Greeks were forced to withdraw from İzmir. This situation came to mean the end of the Anatolian adventure for Greeks. While the Greeks experienced great sadness Turkish Nation had lived in the happiness of approaching the ideal of Misak-ı Milli. Press was the best source reflecting the Turkish public at the years of the İzmir’s occupation and liberation. In thıs study are used in the following newspapers reflecting all regions of the Turkey: Hâkimiyet-i Milliye, Babalık, Vakit, İkdâm, Peyâm-ı Sabâh, Şark, Sada-yı Hak, Islahât, Yeni Adana, İstikbâl, Açıksöz, Varlık and Satvet-i Milliye. The archives of the Prime Minister of the Republic, the Institute of the Turkish Revolutionary History, General Staff Military History and Military Strategic Studies Department are also used to support the press. İzmir’s occupation and its results on the Turks and Greeks will be enlightened. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27780 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27780 Abdulaziz KARDAŞ The location of Sason, a district of Province of Siirt, comprises very steep mountains and impassable valleys. The public of the region who had a very primitive lifestyle had disobedience against the State beginning from the Constitutional Period. One of the main reasons behind this was the rebellions initiated by the Armenian and some tribes. The disability of the measures taken against them caused such outbreaks continue until the foundation of the Republic. Following the foundation of Republic, the influence and authority of the state started to be settled all around the country in accordance with the founding philosophy of the newly established state. Within this period, rebellions arose around Sason and in the neighborhood. These incidents in the region were quelled with the big efforts of the Government and the military troops, and the people of Sason were sent to Western provinces for residence after prohibiting the area for housing. Based on the experiences from the inefficient measures taken in Sason and around in the past, relevant military and administrative measures were taken accordingly. Thereby, the influence of State was established and public works started in Sason. During the rule of Adnan Menderes government, this punished area was made available for housing again with the cabinet decree dated 1 July 1950 and the lands were returned to their owners with a decree. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27746 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27746 Ahmet Emin SEYHAN Almighty Allah had created human beings and jinns to recognize Him, to love and worship. Those who have intellect will have to find Almighty Allah who created them perfectly and appreciate Him the best way. The main reason is that the scripture which the people will read, learn and guide it, take as a rol model prophet and use the intellect, will and ability. Abu'l-Hasan al-Kharakani Turkish-Islamic scholar and a great mystic, who used all these resources which Almighty Allah bestowed in place and effectively, found Almighty Allah, connected to Him with great love and has been in the effort to attain the consent of Him. El-Kharakani had not separate from the line of truth and justice in order to win the love of Almighty Allah throughout the whole life and showed his sincere in this love by taking the example of Prophet. According to him, a true lover constantly contemplates Allah and knows that he comes from the God and knows it again return to Him and does not value the world and contents and does not rely on worldly practices and continues to be take permanent, 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27769 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27769 Ceyda Aysuna TÜRKYILMAZ, İlke OCAMAZ , Aypar USLU Compulsive buying has been a widely researched medical phenomenon. In this study compulsive buying behavior is examined from a marketing perspective and in the online environment. When the relevant literature is reviewed it is revealed that little research has been done on online compulsive buying behavior. This study aims to fill this gap by trying to explain online compulsive buying considering the influences of materialism and brand resonance on it. In order to achieve this aim data were collected from a sample of 439 online shoppers by a convenience sampling method. The results revealed that success, happiness, centrality (all of the dimensions of the material values scale), connection and community (2 of the 3 dimensions of brand resonance) have statistically positive effects on online compulsive buying and brand loyalty has a negative one contrary to expectations. These results may shed light on online shopping site owners to generate their strategies by better understanding compulsive buyers and their behaviors. In order to contribute to the gap in the relevant literature, further research needs to be done on the under researched areas of online compulsive buying. For instance, in this paper materialism is taken from a “values perspective”. Materialism may be taken into consideration in further studies from a personality trait perspective as well. Its effects on online compulsive buying behavior may be analyzed with the other personality traits together. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27735 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27735 Dilek ŞAHİN Saving plays important role in economic growth and development of a country. National savings consist of three components as corporate, household and goverment savings. This study analyzes the determinants of saving in Turkey over a period of 1975-2014 by examining the empirical relationship among the gross domestic saving, deposit interest rate, inflation, urban population growth and GDP per capita growth. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach has been applied to test determinants of gross domestic saving. The long run estimated results reveals that deposit interets rate has positive and significant relationship with gross domestic saving in Turkey. Urban population growth and GDP per capita growth has positive and insignificant relationship with gross domestic saving. Inflation rate has negative and insignificant relationship with gross domestic saving. The short run results show that deposit interest rate, urban population growth and inflation has positive and significant relationship with gross domestic saving. GDP per capita growth has positive and insignificant relationship with gross domestic saving in Turkey. Estimated lagged error correction term (ECM-1) is negative and statistically significant. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27779 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27779 Elvan GÜN DURU, H. Seval KÖSE Musical memorization has an important place in the musical executive, because after entirely memorization of the pieces, moved on to interpret and internalization stage. To play from memory the piece, with nothing more than an advanced sigthreading, and it cause the performer to be lost in the music and the piece isn’t interpretted as needed. Furthermore, reaching the piece to the audiences in a perfect way by interpretters is closely related with resolving and assimilating the piece by the performer. The work of assimilating the piece, could be effected by repeating over and over the piece; but a permanent assimilation could come true by analysing of rhythm, melody, harmony and form characteristics of the piece and memorizating this analysis efficiently. To turn a rote kinesthetic by constant repetition without understanding the music can only be an obstacle to internalize the music. Using only visual or kinesthetic memorization, even in the face of the notes, cause the problems of stress, anxiety and excitement fort he students during exams and concerts. In this study, investigated how to placed the process of understanding, recalling and memorization by human brain and had reported. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27707 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27707 Faruk ÖZDEMİR Today, people are confronted with environmental problems that threaten the existence of both humanity and other living creatures. These problems have reached unprecedented levels and affect industrial zones, oceans, all the continents and even affect the mechanisms of the global order. Environment-centered and human-centered approaches are encountered in general for the solutions proposed to solve these environmental problems and deal with environmental issues. Religions, especially Abrahamic religions have been criticized in terms of this human-centered approach. Lynn White criticizes the Christian-Jewish tradition claiming that everything is created for humanity in particular. Arnold Toynbee is not limiting this claim with only the tradition of Christian-Jewish and therefore including Islam in this issue by suggesting that all monotheistic religions have a part in the emergence of this problem. This article will examine the issue in view of Islam. In this regard, it will be emphasized that Islam offers neither environment-centered nor people-centered approaches only. In Islam, there are many verses highlighted in regard with “dimension” and “teleology” of the environment for humanity. Furthermore, the dimension of “sanctity” indicating the value, effect and importance of environment is also emphasized. Thus, since the relationship between human and environment cannot be explained by only two dimensions as environment-centered or human-centered approaches, this irreducibility will be discussed within the scope of “trust” in Islam. In other words, Islam degrades the relationship between humanity and environment to the level of neither environment-centered nor human-centered approaches. From this point of view, it is clear to see that people are being tested in the world with the responsibility of being entrusted and caliphates in their relations with the environment. In other words, considering the approach of Islam, we are advised to be on the mid-way point as ummah against environment-centered and human-centered approaches. In this context, the responsibility is realizing that people have the right to utilize natural resources, but also have to protect them as well. This is a moral and ethical call. In this context, it will be discussed that Islam is offering an understanding and experience that ensure formation of a critical awareness for taking part in both extreme attitudes. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27764 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27764 Ferihan POLAT, Özlem ÖZDEŞİM SUBAY In the election times, the candidates of parties use the social media besides traditional media in order to reach over the masses as a part of their election campaign during the election period. This study aims to examine how social media as an e-democracy application plays an effective role in the election campaigns with the case of 30 March 2014 Local Elections. With this aim, the study tries to identify the impact of use of social media during the election times on the interaction between citizens and the candidates of metropolitan municipality, the measurement of dialogue and how metropolitan mayor candidates try to mobilize voters. The population of this qualitative research based on content analysis consists of politicians as mayor candidates of 16 metropolitan municipalities in 30 March 2014 Local Elections. From this population, mayor candidates of 16 metropolitan municipalities, the candidates who won the election by being the mayor of metropolitan cities and the main competitor party candidates are chosen as sample of the research. The study puts forward that in Turkey the use of social media by local politicians during elections doesn’t pursue the goals of direct interaction with citizens in order to determine the local policies and social media applications are used by metropolitan mayor candidates as a unilateral knowledge transfer tool for introducing themselves and explaining their projects to the voters. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27737 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27737 Fuat UÇAR Kurdish problem has been an issue that keeps sensibility in the presence of executives from the periods of Abdulhamid II, Union and Progress Association in Ottoman Empire to the Republic period. After the proclamation of the Republic, the Kurdish problem that has kept up-to-date in single and multi party periods was subjected to different practices out of traditional politics in the period of Democratic Party in 1950-1960. In this period, the Kurdish problem, apart from which was perceived as only public peace problem by executives, got into a “detente term” as a result of democratisation that developed with internal and external factors. During this period, that the ones sent to exile in single party term got into parliament as delegate by being allowed to turn back and appropriate became the most important developments. The Kurdish problem within this scope became awareness regarding Kurdish identity with coming out of removing some associations and publications thanks to the removal of Settlement Law in 1934 and Public Inspectorship. Once more in the period of Democratic Party, that the executives cooperated with Kurdish aga and sheiks as a result of various liberal politics applied all around the country caused Democratic Party to gain more strength in comparison to Republican People’s Party in eastern and southeastern regions. The political and ideological awareness regarding Kurdish identity with the effect of this alliance in consequence of political and economical developments in Democratic Party period became one of the most important factors of Kurdish movement in later periods. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27791 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27791 İrşad Sami YUCA In recent years many studies have been carried out to learn about the Republican period provincial cities’ rhythm of daily life, their attitudes towards social and political developments and local cultural characteristics. The periodicals published in provincial centers in the early years of the Republic are the major sources of these studies. Since the presence of local media is related to printing, the adventure of the establishment of printing house in many rural central Anatolia has been troublesome. In particular in the early years of Republic, challenging economic conditions in printing and press, professional incompetence and technological impossibilities caused the periodicals especially newspapers to start being published late. In socially and economically underdeveloped province of Republic's city, Mus, printing and press life began in 1950s. In this study, the developments occurring in the process of the establishment of the printing house in Mus during the Republican era will be discussed and then the periodicals published throughout the province will be reviewed. Certain information will also be given about general release properties of periodicals which emerged in the first term of Mus local press, franchise owners, editorial staff and department with their general attitudes of presenting news and some other technical media features. Due to socio-economic underdevelopment of the city and low literacy in the population of Mus, late start of newspaper publication, financial problems, circulation, and lack of interest by the public, Mus local press could not indicate an example of a wide variety of local media. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27792 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27792 Mihalis KUYUCU Functions of the radio that left its mark in the 20th century went through different periods in the course of history. In the past, radio functioned as a news channel, however it subsequently came to the forefront with its entertainment function. In our day, radio has turned into a music box. This situation shows that its entertainment function is more important than the other functions. In the present study, a survey was conducted to figure out the views of the radio listeners on functions of the radio. In the survey applied to 520 persons from various age groups, it was found that 83.65 percent of the radio listeners attach importance to the "entertainment" function of the radio among other functions. The i 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27716 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27716 Musa GÜMÜŞ Namik Kemal is one of the important figures of Turkish intellectual world of thought of 19th century. Apart from the fact that he was able to express himself with literary works, he was also able to express his ideas through treatises. In all his works, he mentions lots of subjects from literature to economy, politics to education, law to history. Furthermore, the subjects of his works are generally related with politics and focus point of those works is Ottoman Empire. While writing about social, political, and economic problems of Ottoman Empire, he also produced solutions to those problems in light of his own ideas. Besides, an important one of the topics that he had worked on was Eastern Question and some other problems that are related with it. Actually, 1866-1869 Crete Rebellion and Crete Issue may be counted as one of those side-problems. Also, both approaches of great powers to the rebellion and Ottoman Empire's Crete policy showed us how Namik Kemal did an important work by approaching to the topic within the context of Eastern Question. In this paper, we will try to analyze 1866 - 1869 Crete Rebellion and other political developments with related to the rebellion with the help of anecdotes from Namik Kemal. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27741 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27741 Müzeyyen ELDENİZ ÇETİN, Özlem ÇAMLIBEL ÇAKMAK Mainstreaming programs make it possible for i 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27719 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27719 Necati SÜMER Snake is a reptile and poisonous animal. This animal has been labeled as a mysterious living creature in many societies due to its frightening nature and vanity. With its functional and aesthetical characteristics, it has played a role in the mythology and belief systems of almost all cultures. With its distinctive features, snake has been assigned different meanings in every society. In some of them, it has been considered as a healer and protector while in others as a deadly dangerous animal. The snake which has been known as a miracle worker has also been come to known as a dominant figure with its two opposing characteristics. Snake can be cunning, sneaky and traitor; or smart, protective and sacred which are two opposing character traits thereof. Perhaps, the reason for this creature which carries many contrasting elements, to be regarded as mysterious or magical arises from this sophisticated trait. In addition to these aspects, snake has laid an emphasis both on mortality and immortality throughout the history. With its ability to shed skin for renewal, the snake has been labeled as immortal while its malicious and cunning nature has been associated with mortality. Laying stress on the theme of immortality, snake has been glorified; even 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27785 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27785 Ömer SUBAŞI Öljaitü Sultan who accede to the Ilkhanid throne after Ghâzân Khan, assigned Emîr Dânişmend Bahâdır to punished Melik Fahreddin Kert who produced many problem to him during his prince terms and Herat public. But, circumstances during this terms did not developed with his expectation. It was surprising to everyone that Melik Fahreddin to move away from the region by deliver up the city of Herat and Muhammed Sâm who takes delivery of the Herat killed Emîr Dânişmend Bahâdır. As a result of, this experience Sultan who would like to get a new precaution, sent to Herat Emîr Yâsâvul and Emîr Bucây. Emîr Bucây went to beside his brothers Togâns, who has already been surrounded to Herât. Both of brother surrounded to city for revenge on their father. But Muhammed Sâm would like to protect city and he did not want to knuckle down. As a result of long struggle Emir Bucây did nor get to Herât and he would like to tried diplomatic ways. Unfourtunately, their enemies did not accept their suggestion, and then they increased intensity of their battle, they closed to entrance of city. However, this long surrounding effects to hunger directly in long term. In conclusion, Muhammes Sâm is had been knuckle down the city. At the same period, Emîr Yâsâvul came to Herât and the position of battle had been changed. As a result of long deal Ilkhanid got the Herât. This study mainly gives brief information about Herât battle and political fact in Öljaitü Sultan period. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27796 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27796 Reyhan ŞAHİN ALLAHVERDİ Throughout the Ottoman history, waqfs (foundations) was an important part of social life thank to social and religious institutions. Zurri/Evlatlık (Family waqf /Posterity) waqfs consist of important part of waqf institutions, were established by especially bureaucrats (sadrazam, vezir, paşa ect.), princess, mothers of sultans, ulema (seyhulislam, kazasker, kadı, müderris) ect. landowner and wealthy people. Acording to the zurri waqf’s trust deeds, administration and incomes of waqfs belongs to descendants of waqf founder until his/her posterity end, after descendants ended, posperity would endowed to Mecca and Madinah’s poors or the others. In this study explains disagreements between zurri waqfs’ heirs about sharing incomes of waqf and tevliyet in the zurri waqfs that keep up throughout centuries. Zurri waqfs’ eslablisher could limited his/her descendants’ exploite of waqf incomes by special conditions in his/her deed of trust. Thus only someones who have the conditions remarked by establisher exploite the waqf. Although zurri waqf’s deed of trusts were regulated detailed, emerged some disagreements among establiher’s descendants. Especially in case loosing deed of trust in years, rised this disagreements. The main problems were in the zurri waqfs’ about sharing incomes of waqf and tevliyet; using and reparing of landed estate. In classical era of Ottoman empire, these disagreements used to solved by Haremeyn Nezareti Müfettisligi, after founded Evkaf-i Hümayun Nezareti (ministy of waqfs) the disagreements started to solved by this Nezaret. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27723 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27723 Yaşar BEDİRHAN In Seljuk Turkey, there are commercial routes that operate between north and south and west and east. Many commercial caravans and tradesmen with which there were commercial ties, used to pass through Turkey to other countries. This has made Turkey the center of transit trade. 400 foreigners, Christians among them, have left Istanbul in 1133 and they have died on Mar Theodorus feast day due to snow and blizzard. As the Persian tradesmen have gone to Istanbul through Turkey, it is possible that Turkish tradesmen have gone as well. The Seljuk Turkey was opened for transit trade in these years. The existence of a commercial route from Tabriz to Istanbul via Konya in 12th century; and seeing Western and Horasan, Iraq, Syria, Jazeera, Kipzchak, Russian, Bulgarian, Caspian tradesmen in Sivas, Antalya, Samsun, Sinop and Konya are obvious evidences. A rich and prominent Tabriz tradesman has arrived to Konya, entered into "sugar- furusan" business place and had friendships with tradesmen from Konya. Turkish and Muslim tradesmen have travelled until Frank countries (Istanbul or Europe). Resources about that period provide information on the negative situation of transit trade mainly because of the wars. The events that effected the trade on Black Sea have stopped the land and sea transportation with Anatolian, Russian and Kipzchak cities. No one was able to enter the Seljuk country; people and tradesmen were harmed. The tradesmen from Turkey were doing trade with them and going to their countries. Tradesmen from Syria, Iraq, Mosul, Jazeera and other places were also coming to Anatolia. Therefore, the tradesmen used to gather in Sivas. The caravans coming from Antalya have arrived to Sivas via Konya and Kayseri; and they reached to Tabriz via Erzurum-Erzincan. In 13th century, Sivas turned into a city where tradesmen from different nations have settled and established colonies at. The Genoese and other European tradesmen have established colonies and consulates in many cities of Turkey and even lived as neighborhoods. It is also seen that the foreign tradesmen have established inns within the cities they made trade to. One of them is Kemaleddin Inn in Sivas and the inn of Arab-origin Pauli Calatazi. On the other hand, Provenceians did transit trade between Konya and Cyprus; and they have brought smack, leather, crude and processed silk to Cyprus. Due to the measures taken in order to improve international trade; Turkey had a high level of income. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27775 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27775 Zafer GÜRLER In this research, teaching of Religious – Mystical Turkish Literature has been evaluated in terms of views of Turkish language and literature teachers and textbook.This study is a qualitative research including interview and document analysis. Working group of the research comprises of 10 Turkish language and literature teachers working in different types of high schools in Kırşehir in 2008-2009 education and teaching year and determined by intentional sampling method. Besides,Religious- Mystical Turkish Literature subjects were examined in the 10th grade Turkish literature textbooks. According to results we obtained in the research; most of the Turkish language and literature teachers said that they didn’t get any inservice training seminars about instructional programmes, vocabulary of students to understand Religious- Mystical Turkish Literature was insufficient and they had difficulty in explaining mystical concepts to students.Teachers pointed out that they usually used written exams to measure their students’ achievements but they prefered multiple choice exams in all of the common exams. Besides, most of the teachers stated that they used the term ‘’ mystical literature’’ instead of ‘’ Religious-Mystical Turkish literature’’. In the textbook, it has been included genres of Religious – Mystical Turkish literature such as hymn, nefes, allocution (nutuk), and praise. Pir Sultan Abdal, Niyazi Mısri, Hacı Bayram Veli and Mevlana haven’t been included in the Religious –Mystical Turkish literature section. Questions under the texts in Religious – Mystical Turkish literature section are sufficient in terms of qualification and quantification. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27718 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27718 Akan YANIK Orientalism adventure taking place with such literary works as 1001 Arabian Nights still continues on television and cinema which are the dominant mass media of today. Especially after 1930, through the liberalization of cinema, orientalism could spread to wide areas when the films are turned into not only products but also international investments which carry out mass production. Cinema, being the most important and efficient visual art of our era, not only reflects its society or its cultural values but also acts as a mirror reflecting the position where the society, company or institution, which produces the films, puts the other societies and how they position their value judgements. Through this representation and presentation, societies, nations or value judgements can be glorified or trivialized. This study is based on the assumption that 18th century philosophers have laid the foundation of the image of Turk(ey) in the West and the current image of Turk(ey) is composed of the effects of this foundation. In this regard, in literature review of the study, it was determined how 18th century orientalist philosophers have built the image of Turk, how they have seen Turkey under the relevant era and circumstances from Western point of view and how they have created the knowledge about the image of Turk on the base of enlightenment with Western perspective. In the analysis part of the study; cinema films which are chosen among IMDB (International Movie Database) Top 1000 films and in which the discourse of “Turk” is explicitly expressed have been analyzed in order to establish a link between the history and today in the perspective of the West towards the East. In the conclusion part of the study, under the light of films which are analyzed and their indications, the image of “Turk(ey)” has been tried to be interpreted from the framework of communication and public relations. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27765 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27765 Aytül GÖKULU, Gülay KOÇ This study was carried out to identify how the level of elementary teachers’ self efficacy beliefs changed in terms of some variables such as branch, gender, seniority and the type of the last graduation of the school. Sample of the study was the 111 elementary teachers who were studying 2015-2016 education semesters in Çanakkale. 72 teachers who were participating to the study were female and 39 were male. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the study. While the gathering the data the Scale of “Self-efficacy Belief in Science Teaching” developed by Riggs and Enochs (1990) and studied in terms of validity and reliability by Bıkmaz (2002) was used. The data gathered in this study were evaluated with SPSS 20, percent and frequency values were calculated and analyses of one-way ANOVA, t- tests were applied. Also, it was interviewed with eight elementary teachers in order to make deep investigation. According to the findings of this study, teachers’ perception of self-efficacy does not differentiate in respect to gender, seniority; it differentiates in respect to the type of the last graduation of the school. It was found that elementary teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectation points who were graduate faculty were higher according to teachers who were graduate college and there were significant differences between self efficacies points in favor of teachers who were graduate faculty 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27774 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27774 Kamil Ali GIYNAŞ Twenty lined, is a verse form which consisting of twenty verses in the same meter and one rhyme is the only method which consists of at least two bent. In the classical literature is not seen too much of this verse style. This is a rare example of a verse form is also available in the Diwan of Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamid. The poem is consisting three bent which has twenty verses and the poem is written by verse type fâ'ilâtün fâ'ilâtün fâ'ilâtün fâ'ilün. This poem every paragraph consisting of two lines of the same paragraph at the end of each paragraph is repeated. During the five centuries Ottoman Empire establish dominance in the Balkans who have been brought up many poets in this region. Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamid is a poet who lived in the 19th century in Bulgaria. From the poems in the diwan of Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamid which is compiled by his son Esad understood to be close to the Alevi-Bektashi disposition. There is no information about life of Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamid in the tezkires. The most information about the Hamîd is at the end of the diwan provided by his son. There is one copy of Diwan of Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamîd which may be identified in the National Library numbered by 06 Mil Yz FB 272. Diwan has 71 sheets and written by rika which is a writing type written in black ink on cream paper cedid. Title and first words are written by black ink. Diwan is in the old marbled skin. In this article will be discussed in the light of the diwan and obtained from other sources about Eskicumalı Ahmed Hamid’s life. After, will be introduced his Diwan and will be given a poem written in the verse form twenty lined. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27669 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27669 Sibel DEMİR, M. Handan GÜNEŞ Since it includes many sub concepts; the subject of animal tissues, which is theoretically both abstract and concrete, is one of the subjects that the students have difficulty in biology. In order to be able to find a solution to this problem; it has been thought that for prospective teachers, in understanding and integrating the subject of animal tissues, integrating their abstract and theoretical knowledge with the drawings they make will help to constitute a more effective knowledge schema. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of drawing technique in understanding the animal tissues and differentiating between tissue elements which are the contents of General Biology-I and General Biology Laboratory-I lessons. The method of pre-test and post-test design with control group was employed. As a result of the analyses, significant results of p 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27711 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27711 Kübra POLAT, Levent AKGÜN Many people think that proof is center of mathematics disciplines. Proof has been considered a fundamental part of mathematical practice science from ancient times. It was introduced into the mathematics curriculum long ago and has been given an important status in teaching. During the new math movement, proof was stressed in other areas of mathematics as well. However students have serious difficulties in learning proof. Reasoning is basis of mathematics. So the essence of mathematics is proving. Therefore reasoning skills must be developed in students. In this framework students can understand mathematical proof at high school in mathematic and geometry courses, students have difficulty in understanding mathematical proof. Consequently the students have lack proving skills when they come to university. In this study, pre-service mathematics teachers’ views were investigated about mathematical proof and the difficulities with proofing. The participant of this study consist of 5 pre-servise mathematics teachers who were enrolled in grade in secondary mathematics education department from a university located in Turkey. Initially pre-service mathematics teacher were observed in a analyze course and after this observation were gathered that pre-servise teachers what kind behave, which points force them when proofing. Then in this study semi structured interviews had with volunteer pre-servise teachers. The observations and interviews indicated that pre-service teachers don’t know the concept meaning of proof. The difficult points of pre-servise mathematics teachers when proofing was uncovered. Also some suggestions were presented for the researchers who are interested in this area. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27680 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27680 Melike DEMİRCİ “Bayesian Theorem”which will be discussed in this study; a theorem that is stated in 18. Century and relatively older. Beginning from stated, in years, thanks to innovations over, it has become relatively developed and utilize at every branches of sciences. Purpose of saying the “it is a developed theorem”; there are many concepts under theorem and various problems can be analyzed thanks to the simulation techniques which prepared specially for theorem. “Bayesian Approach” which bases is based on theorem however, beginning from laid the foundation comes to nowadays, decreases in sometimes, always compares with another approach which is known “Classical Approach”. Results which are acquired by researchers who uses two approaches in their studies seperately or together, generally it is seen that the researchers who use Bayesian Approach get better results. This situation can be rated to the evidence of the achievement of theorem. In this study; informations about theorem will be given first, then, different studies’ application sections’ will be given, which are made at five branches of science (Finance, Accounting, Marketing, Numeric Methods, Production Management) which theorem uses frequently and generally shows activity under Management Section. The basic object, can be told the theorem deeply for the author herself and also the people who want to learn theorem or the researchers who will be used the theorem in their studies. But, for come out totally, it is thought that the presentation section which consists of theoric section won’t be enough, explanation will be deepen to place the applications at Business Administraton. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27760 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27760 Arzu ÖZYÖN Abstract: In the 19th century the hunger for raw materials in the big European countries like England, France and Germany and the political rivalry among these countries cause colonialism to reach its peak. In the same period, along with these countries, colonialism continues its existence in Belgium, strikingly. However, the difference of Belgium’s colony Congo, from the other colonies is that it is the private property of King Leopold II. and owing to this he has commited cruel practices, genocide and theft in Congo for 23 years. In this context, this study reveals the parallels between the fictional realities in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and the aforementioned experiences lived during Leopold’s period and deals with the novel(la) as a novel(la) of theft. It is an undeniable fact that story, novel, play and even poetry reflect the social, political and economic conditions of the era they were born within. It is the function of the literature sociology constructed on the Marxist criticism to search and determine the relationship between literature including literary works and the social conditions. In Marxist criticism the substructure formed of means of production and relations of production defines the superstructure formed of elements like culture, religion, language, government and traditions in society. When Marxist criticism is handled in terms of literature along with the sociological context, it is seen that it has reflection theory and realism in its basis. In the 19th and 20th centuries Marxist literature theorists took the reflection theory going back to Aristoteles and interpreted it in terms of economy and substructure-superstructure relations mentioned above. Taking this as a starting point, Marxist criticism method supposes that there is a close relationship between literary works and social structure. Besides, Marxist criticism consists of the notion that literature and thus literary works are a means of production, which was pioneered by Althusser and became valid in 1960s. In this case, the author is a producer who takes the ideology or in other words, the raw material present in the society, and handles and changes it by means of literature in order to produce a new product. In brief, it is out of question that either society of the ideology existing in the society is reflected directly. That means, the literary works are not mirrors reflecting the society exactly, as they do according to the reflection theory of Aristoteles, but a ne 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27758 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27758 H. Özgür AKKOR, Erdem ÇAĞLAR Internet, today among people of all ages to learn Internet technologies, has become an indispensable resource for communicating and sharing information with the great advantage. Information on accessing the internet quickly and easily the most preferred tool, on the other hand also allows large masses and mass communication together. All of humanity, as well as draw attention to the Internet, in particular has been a part of the lives of young people in the age of puberty and development. Students most of their leisure time on computers, tablets and beginning to spend on mobile phones and the internet. The lives of people when the Internet began to take a larger part in an i 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27757 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27757 Hasan KARAKUZU, Yücel NAMAL Turkish nation that won the existence fight through Turkish War of Independence brings this fight to the next stage under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal and establishes the Republic of Turkey. Acceptance of political regime as the Republic on 29 October 1923 is widely recognized by Turkish people. The most important indicator of this situation is that Turkish people actively have participated and been interested in the 29 October Republic Day Celebrations from 1924. This Turkish nation’s enthusiasm is also the assurance of future of the young Republic. At the same time, this minimizes the concerns about the future of young Turkey. Thus, Turkish people celebrate the Republic Day bodily together. Especially, the special attention is paid to the decennial celebrations of Republic in order to show that there is not any regime problem in Turkey. The preparations, started at the governmental stage, are planned down to the last detail from province, district to the towns and villages. It is strived in order that the celebrations are made without any problem and in an order. In our this paper, the applications of decennial celebrations of Republic, which become the symbol of proving the legality of new regime in Zonguldak and its districts, are discussed. Furthermore, as the subject is examined, it is tried to show the reflections of reactions by people during the celebrations. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27795 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27795 Elif BAKKAL, Nursel AYDINTUĞ Global world is a dynamic environment where changes happen extremely fast. An organization maintains its life within the social environment and try to adapt to the changes occurring in the inner and outer arena. Technology, economical and competition changes will require adaptation of existing organizational and management approaches. Like any other organization, the hospitals require constructive and powerful leaders that are aware of the challenges in order to maintain its existence, to be successful and adapt to the changes just like any business in a competitive environment. One of the fundamental factors that positively affect the job satisfaction, motivation and performance level of the hospital staff is the behaviors of leadership of the managers. The staff that is in the management has the power to create non ideal workplace where ideal or unhappiness is dominant for everyone. There are many scientific researches on the leader and leadership and most of these studies examined the leadership forms and special behaviors suitable for the leadership that can be affiliated with successful leadership. Understanding the results and nature of the non-functional, detrimental leadership becomes the center of interest in the scientific researchers conducted over the leader and leadership in recent years. In this study we will not discuss constructive leadership that can create value and positive performance, but focus on destructive leadership and especially toxic leaders and their negative effects on hospital employees that can be damaging and harmful for the Healthcare organizations. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27625 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27625 Erkan DİKİCİ The emergence of feminism concept defined as women's struggle for freedom and equality are based on the 18th century. Feminism, the women's movement as possible, describe how each has changed over time the perception of feminism. The impact of industrialization and ideological movements have been the main reason for this change. Changes in the feminist movement began to move away from understanding the processes that occur. The feminist movement with emphasis on gender equality in the context of gender, is composed of first-wave feminists. After referred to as liberal feminism feminist, it comes the second wave feminists drew attention to sexuality and biological 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27787 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27787 Necmi AYTAN In education and training, the world shows a development and change every day. This process entails the implementation of education in different models and programs and quantum learning model is one of them. This form of learning is expected to bring a new breath to education today when personal development is in demand. The purpose of this study is to present a proposal regarding using educational practice of Quantum Learning Method in improving students’ reading and language skills for secondary schools and action research as a method. In this study, case studies in the framework of feasibility of an integrated learning approach in which researchers, teachers, students and families take place were suggest about Quantum Learning Method, which is presented through Turkish classes and can be practiced in different classes and disciplines. This study involves the background of the quantum model and method, content model, the previous studies, Quantum Learning Method and Family Training sample seminar program, daily Supercamp program and the steps of research activities that can be used as a method in practice. As this study is a new model development and implementation of action plan, the qualitative research design is modelled by an action research method. The purpose of the action research is to systematically comprehend the facts that emerged in the field of education and to try to improve it by changing. With the practice of Quantum Learning Method in education, increasing the efficiency and success of researchers, teachers and students is intended. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27777 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27777 Yasemin ALPER Aesthetic, whose foundations were laid in mid- 18’s by A. G. Baumgarten, is a discipline founded upon studying beauty (ness) concept. While aesthetic covers fields of intuition, enthusiasm, and feeling, it is also regarded as a philosophy branch which details the descriptive story of things and existence. In the early periods, aesthetic was interested in the beauty and something beautiful in a sensual context. However in the following periods, something sublime, naive, ugly, terrifying, and scary was studied in the aesthetic category as well. Also, Kant studied aesthetics to find out what elements caused in a person to feel beauty in it and tried to examine the sublime too in an effort to involve both of them as aesthetic elements. In Resat Nuri Guntekin’s Bir Kadın Dusmanı novel, one of the authors who wrote many pieces in Turkish literature, efforts to put aesthetic elements forward were perceived. The degree to which the depictions of nature and people in this novel were in line with Kant’s concepts of the “beauty” and “sublime” which are revealing the aesthetic was researched. In this context, even though the beauty of Sâra, who is one of the heroes in novel, is in such a perfection that people in real life can take pleasure, the author faced his readers with the questions of “Is Sâra beautiful in reality?” and he questioned another hero’s, Homongolos, ugliness of appearance with the question of “Is it an obstacle for Homongolos to be sublime?”. The author does not directly ask these questions, and lead the readers to react and give answers to these questions on their own. Studying the novel by the concepts of “beauty” and “sublime”, which are mentioned in Kant’s “Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime”, the answers to whether Sâra is “beautiful” or Homongolos is “ugly” or “sublime” are analyzed. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27797 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27797 Gökmen ARSLAN, Zekavet TOPÇU KABASAKAL The aim of present study is to examine the mediating role of family functioning in the relationship between family protective factors and wellbeing in adolescents. Sample consisted of 322 students enrolled in different high school in Isparta. Participants’ age ranged from 14 to 19, and were 57.6% female and 42.4% male students. Mean of age was 15.96 (SD = .98). Family Assessment Scale, Family Protective Factors Inventory, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Brief Stomps Inventory, and Demographic Variables Questionnaire were applied to participants as data collection instruments. To examine the relationships between variables, Person correlation analysis was used. Also the direct and indirect relationship between variables were tested with structural equation model. Results from correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant association between family protective factors, family functioning, psychological symptoms, and satisfaction with life. After examining the correlation analysis among variables, the mediating role of family functioning in the relationship between family protective factors and wellbeing was tested with structural equation analysis. To determine latent constructs, the subscales of scales were used as observed variables. Results from study indicated that family protective factors significantly predicted family functioning and wellbeing in adolescents. Furthermore, the findings from structural equation analysis showed that family functioning partially mediated in the relationship between family protective factors and wellbeing. Findings of study were discussed in light of literature and some suggestions were presented. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27784 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=27784 M. Fatih ALKAYIŞ 2024-08-29