https://jasstudies.com/?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=597 The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies en 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28445 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28445 Erhan GÖRMEZ Individuals are protected from the damages of the rapidly developing and changing digital world but also benefited from its utilizations is a situation that could be due to education. In this context, one of the given education is Dijital Citizenship education. The most basic aim of this education is to gain the habit of using digital technological products effectively and in a qualified way. It can be said that the social studies curriculum, which aims to educate qualified citizens in the current educational environment, is the most suitable teaching program to gain digital citizenship and its sub-dimensions to the students. The fact that the program was restructured with a constructivist approach in 2005 and that it includes skills, concepts and examples of activities related to the use of ICTs is an appropriate structure for the transmission of digital citizenship and its sub-dimensions. The aims of this research is to reveal the adequacy of learning fields and its contents in the Primary School Social Studies Curriculum, which has been restructured between 2004 and 2005 and updated in 2012, in terms of digital citizenship and sub-dimensions. In the research, ıt was benefited from document analysis method which is one of the qualitative data collection methods. The data obtained from the study were analyzed according to the stages of the document analysis method. The result of the research evaluated generally, it is concluded that the units and achievements are related with the learning areas named Individual and Community;Culture and Heritage; People, Places and Environment; Production, Distribution and Consumption; Groups, Institutions and Social Organizations; Power, Management and Society; Global Connections are not sufficient in terms of digital citizenship and sub-dimensions; the Science, Technology and Society learning field has the most units and achievement related to technology but also this learning field does not mention digital citizenship and its sub-dimensions as competently. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28493 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28493 Halil İbrahim YILDIRIM, Feride KANSIZ This study was conducted to investigate into attitudes towards science course levels of 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade students from secondary school; to determine the correlation between attitudes and academic success; to investigate into influence of variables of gender, class level, success at science course, mother education, father education, mother working situation, family income level, liking science course and course attendance level, frequency of experiment–activity on attitude level towards science course so as to draw a suggestion for improving attitudes level in this course. A survey model is used in the research. It employs cross-sectional survey model. The research was conducted on 1780 students from the twelve public secondary schools in Ankara City along the second term in the academic year of 2015-2016. “The Attitudes towards Science Course Scale” was used as data collection tool. Independent Samples t-Test, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze for the data. As a result of the study, it was determined that gender, mother education, father education, mother working situation and family income level variables were not statistically significant on attitude levels. A positive, statistically significant and high correlation was determined between the motivation and success. Furthermore, it was concluded that frequency of experiment–activity, liking science course and course attendance level variables were statistically significant on attitude level. In addition it was concluded that attitude decreases from 5th to 8th grade significantly. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28485 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28485 Galibiye ÇETREZ, Zekiye Hande ÜNAL , İbrahim COŞKUN Reading and comprehension are in primary goal of mentally retarded people’s education. Comprehension depends on reading properly. The goal of this study is to evaluate the affect of reading strategies on three mentally retarded students’ reading level and fluent reading. The study was performed with activity research pattern, which is one the qualitative study methods. Validity of the study was assessed through measures that are used to enhance validity of activity research while Miles and Huberman’s criteria for internal and external reliability were used for reliability. For data collection, “Error Analysis Inventory” was used, which was designed by Haris and Sipay (1990). Moreover reading passages, 5 easy comprehension questions based on recognizing and remembering and 3 thoroughly understanding comprehension questions depends on inference and interpretation about these passages (totally 8 questions) were also used as a data collection instrument. To improve mentally retarded students fluent reading skills, every practice was recorded on camera before and after reading strategies practice for narratable and informing passages.Reading level and reading rate were determined initially in the study. Paired,shared and echo fluent reading strategies were used during the study. Records were later analysed by the researchers. Inventory was determined three type of reading level such as free level, teaching level and anxiety level. In this study, according to the data that were collected by Error Analysis Inventory, all the mentally retarded students’ reading and comprehension level were at the anxiety level before the practice of fluent reading strategies, two of them cought up the teaching level during the practices and one of them stayed at the anxiety level. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28292 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28292 Adem DAĞ, Recep YILDIZ The man who is a social being can not be independent from the man-made problems in the complicated social networks. Moreover, the man doesn't want to get lonely, be alienated; he/she expects a support. As the social institution such as economy, education in the social field has got different problem privileges, the expected support will also have difference in the societies. Thus, it is an inevitable manner that the school social service works are implemented in a different way in Turkey from the other countries from the point of view that the facts of poverty and social exclusion are common for the educational institution. The research goal is to consider the affective and cognitive social support in the sense of the school social service that the high schools' students perceive from their teachers. However, the social support which is perceived has a cache duty to cope up with the social and behavioral problems for the high schools' stu-dents. "The Scale for Social Exclusion " was implemented to 1530 students in the four different high schools in Sakarya in order to make the research goal. The scale's section to test the social support from teachers was assessed in the study. The survey's data was put to one-way analysis of variance with SPSS 22.00. It was determined at the end of the research that the students who attended in the social and cultural activities which were organized at the schools perceived much more affective and cognitive social support from their teachers. However, it was concluded that the students who couldn't attend in the social and cultural activities due to the economic reasons perceived that their teachers didn't dignify them. It can be said that it is necessary to establish the social support service and to employ the school social workers in order to have the coordination and management of social support systems at the schools. This study will be a reference for the further studies to be done about the school social service and the social support which is perceived. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28478 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28478 Gül ŞAHİN, Murat BARTAN It is important to produce and consume information in an environment where information is rapidly increasing. It is stated that the greatest task in the production, teaching and dissemination of knowledge has fallen into the education system. One of the institutions in the education system is the universities that carry out higher education. Universities are of great importance for the future of society in the conduct of scientific studies and the training of qualified human power. I 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28318 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28318 Selcen CELIK UZUNER DNA is the static genetic code of human that provides the source of his all characteristics. However, DNA can be altered by chemical modifications that promote flexibility of genetic code by the regulation of gene activation or inactivation. DNA modifications, in contrast to genetic mutations, are reversible and stimulated by environmental factors, such lifestyle. The field that investigates these modifications is Epigenetics. From the view point of molecular biology, human is therefore authorized to manage his genetic code to some extent and these DNA modifications can represent free will of human; however DNA sequence represents the absolute will of God. In other words, God gives human a limited authorization and ability for controlling his fate. This article attempts to discuss whether our genes are controlled by ourselves in the light of current scientific findings, the related verses of Quran and philosophical approaches, and therefore aims to build a new bridge between science and religion. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28531 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28531 Feridun TEKİN, Samet Cantürk Universally known as onomastics, science of place names is a discipline that studies a word type “noun/name” by various methods. Meaning “Science of place names” in Turkish, “toponymy”, a subdivision of onomastics, aims at studying proper names of places by certain methods. Toponymy studies are significant in terms of showing the wealth of the languages. Some words that are not used in Turkish today or exist in only some dialects can be found in names of the places. The fact that the names of the settlement units are changing necessitates that these names which are forgotten locally must be identified and taken into consideration in this area before it is too late. Besides, place names have a great significance in terms of national culture. It is a well-known fact that place names have great traces from the memories of the societies. In our study, the names of the places withing Giresun province have been examined. The names of the streets, neighbourhood, counties and villages have been taken into consideration from a lexical-semantic point of view and the structure and origins of these names have been classified. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28436 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28436 Reyhan ÇELİK Lyudmila Ulitskaya is one of the most important representatives of Russian postmodern women's literature. Ulitskaya's works dating from the second half of the twentieth century have earned more readers' admiration in the Western countries than in the author’s own country and have been rewarded by many foreign institutions. The Medici Prize (France), the Penne Prize (İtaly) and the Guisippe Acerbi award are some of them. In the literary works of Ulitskaya, a Jewish writer, there are no ideological subjects we are used to encounter in the works representing Russian literature. They refer to the certain themes and topics that have been universal throughout the course of humans’ history and everyday life. For this reason, her literary art is defined as "silent literature". The themes mainly deal with female figures belonging to different ethnic groups. However, it is notable that her female figures do not have feminist ideas. For this reason, her works are considered to have features of classical Russian literature. Another important characteristic of Ulitskaya's literary works is the presence of mythological elements in them. This feature, which attracts attention in the 20th century women's literature, can be defined as reinterpretation of mythological figures and events according to social conditions and needs. In the novel "Medea and her children" translated into Turkish, the presence of this feature is obvious. Medea, the main character whose name is used as the name of this novel, is thought to be a different interpretation of the Medea, Greek mythology figurine. Ulitskaya with the help of created Medea emphasizes importance of the family and the woman in the family needed in the 20th century Russian social life. There are some basic similarities between these two figures, but the main differences regarding life philosophy are striking. In this study, similarities and differences between the mythological Medaya figure and the novel hero Medea Mendes Sinopli are discussed. In addition, Ulitskaya's view of the woman, regardless of ethnic groups , was revealed within changing understanding of social life. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28346 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28346 Fethi DEMİR, Kemal EROL In Turkey, in spite of the archaic and powerful conservative poetry, in the modern sense, the emergence of an Islamic poetry is based on the Islamist movement. Modernization efforts in Islamic poetry pioneered by Mehmet Akif, gained main momentum with Necip Fazıl Kısakürek. After Necip Fazıl, Modern Islamic poetry, shaped through two canvas. The first of these is discourse that builds a philosophical, existential and internal style, which proceeds in vertical sense, and centralizes cultural, spiritual and religious values. The other one is based on a political, activist and external style that progresses in a horizontal sense. While the first trend is developed on the line of Sezai Karakoç that combines the Islamic content with the İkinci Yeni(Second New) poetry, the second trend is represented by İsmet Özel, who came from the Marxist world view and synthesizes a lyrical feeling with radical imagery. These two important poets of not only Modern Islamic poetry, but also of Turkish literature, with their poetical ideas, shape Modern Islamic poetry which becomes more widespread especially after 1980. For this reason, Sezai Karakoç and İsmet Özel's poetic writings on poetry / poet should be evaluated. Because there is a great deal of research and analysis on the poetry of these two poets, and a hermeneutic approach based only on their poetry interpretations may be lacking in understanding the topic. In this context, analyzing of Sezai Karakoç's (Edebiyat Yazıları) Literary Writings-I / II and İsmet Özel's (Şiir Okuma Kılavuzu) Poetry Reading Guide will be helpful in revealing the general features of modern Islamic poetry. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28435 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28435 Hüseyin Kürşat TÜRKAN Language is not only a communication instrument of the society but also is regarded as an important representative which is liable for sustaining and spreading national culture of the society that belongs to. And yet, only objective in teaching Turkish as a foreign language that needs to be susceptible majorly must be comprehended not only teaching Turkish. If language is a holder of culture too, Turkish language as well as Turkish national culture should be suggested to people who aspire to learn Turkish. In globalising world, teaching language which has become crucial considerably recently and has been known that it has great market share should have professional comprehension and, as comprehension of being missionary of Europe, Turkish language should be counted as an opportunity and become across at this point. As so in every foreign language that is taught as a second language, main factor also in teaching Turkish as a foreign language is to gain basic learning outcome such as listening, reading, speaking and reading to students that have different cultures. The element of these abilities that are able to be gained, in other words, the goal of teaching Turkish should be stated that if it is resembled a bird, the wing of the bird belongs to pedagogues, other wing belongs to academicians who study about Turkish science. Especially, owing to these two disciplines coordinate with each other, Turkish which is taught as a second foreign language will retrieve more efficient and productive structure. Nowadays, even though Turkish is a native language / official language in many countries, it is noticed that there are not a lot of studies in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. In addition, teaching Turkish that has been only just perceived for our country is in service both in TOMER foundations of universities which belong to YOK (Council of Higher Education) and in councils in foreign countries which belong to Institution of Yunus Emre. The proposal will focus on the historical process of teaching Turkish and the suggestions related to Turkish teaching in TOMER units in Turkey. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28538 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28538 Meriç GÜVEN “Şenkaya” newspaper was a local newspaper at a local scale that was released as of 1950 by considering the education and cultural life in the Şenkaya County of Erzurum. The newspaper was released for 34 issues. The first issue of the newspaper, which was released every fortnight, was released on June 1, 1950; and the 34th and last issue was released on August 15, 1955. The newspaper was released according to the classical “typo page design” based on vertical and column system; and was published with plain offset printing technique. “Şenkaya” newspaper was in the form of a idealistic newspaper according to its content; a local newspaper according to distribution area; periodical newspaper according to publication period; a cultural newspaper according to interest area; and tabloid newspaper according to its size. “Şenkaya” newspaper was released with the efforts of Hüseyin Köycü, who was also the founder of the county, and all the content was prepared by Hüseyin Köycü from the editorial to periodical sections, from the news to the photographs. Hüseyin Köycü was a unique character who was grown up with the skills that were inherited from a father who was a mullah and lecturer, and knew Arabic and Persian at an advanced level. He was keen on history, geography and literature, and was self-educated, i.e. auto-didactic person on social and economic fields. He was also a military commander, a political authority and a unique person with extraordinary abilities and mission and vision. Hüseyin Köycü released the “Şenkaya newspaper for the purpose of developing this part of the country by merging the art and capital, specialty and handicrafts, old and new spirits. Articles, essays, and poems; stories like “Forty Stories” in the format of “distraction”, jokes in the form of encomiast like “Kel Memet and Kuru Memet”; stage plays like “Fedakârlar” which were written to be staged; literary and academic critics and essays like “Dil Öğren”, “Yedi Renk Sohbet” were released in the newspaper. “Şenkaya” newspaper was considered as the most perfect newspaper among the local newspaper by academicians, and it was also considered as the most mature samples of country press like the “Küçük Mecmua” released by Ziya Gökalp in Diyarbakır. It was also considered as a rich and mature newspaper on which scientific research was conducted in terms of history, geography, literature, sociology and ethnology. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28411 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28411 Yıldırım Özsevgeç Anita Brookner chooses middle-aged, lonely, intelligent, sometimes interrogating, elegant but desperate women as heroes in her masterpiece Hotel du Lac, which she published in 1984 and won the Booker Prize. These women, who are not welcomed by the patriarchal society, are often the ones who seek happiness and love. Hotel du Lac's main heroine, Edith Hope, adapts to Brookner's traditional female character. Brookner’s narrator Edith is 39 and she comes to Hotel du Lac to finish her latest novel and at the same time to overcome her emotional problems. Giving the impression that she has a very interesting character, Edith turns into an ‘unhappy’ woman, who is in love with a married man. She is expected to go to Hotel du Lac to write a success story and get rid of her problems. Besides the establishment of capitalism and rise of the industrial revolution had a great impact on the lives of women and their position in the society. So, in this study, the place of woman in society will be discussed and the transformation of Edith, who has been working to reverse the male dominated society over time and regarding the realities of the society which Edith lives in, the criticism of the capitalist system, will be dealt with. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28409 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28409 Işıl AYDIN ÖZKAN Valency means logical, semantic and syntactic structural slot that a word creates in his surroundings. In accordance with mentioned word’s demand and requirement, this structural slot is completed with definite elements named actants that are located in phrase structure. The valency structure of a word can change because of a variety of reasons. The valency change means differentiation of valency frame of a word following semantic and morphological processes. Thus valency changing processes can be 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28446 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28446 Pınar SOMAKCI The Qanun, is one of the most important and fundamental instruments of Turkish music. In Turkey, the Qanun which has a long history, is performed by both men and women throughout history. However, in the few sources in our country regarding the historical development of music, names of male qanun performers are more common. For example, Kanuni Ishak Bey, Kanuni Ömer Efendi, Kanuni Hacı Arif Bey and Kanuni Talat Bey. Although it is known that there are female qanun performers in our history, no female names can be found until the 20th century. Due to lack of resource, we can understand that female players exists from miniatures, postcards, from the notes of foreign travelers who come to our country, or from the depictions drawn by painters. At the beginning of the 20th century, we can only detect a few female qanun performers from the concert programs written in the print media. Recently, the increase in the number of female performers has reached a remarkable and satisfying dimension. Since the beginning of the qanun education as our traditional instruments in the 20th century, and the spread of fine arts schools and universities, the number of female performers has recently increased. The aim of this study is therefore, to determine female qanun performers in Turkey in order to provide a resource for the researcher and make their names not to be forgotten. Because this is the first study done in this area, it is hoped that it will make a significant contribution to the area. Literature review and personal interview methods were used to collect data in the study. As an end result of this search, a brief history of women qanun performers in our country is presented. Again, as a result of the personal contact with the personal educators, the names of all the female qanun performers, artists, academics, teachers, students, self-employed professionals are tried to be reached and these names are listed alphabetically. As a result, since we reached quite a lot of names, the study is limited with the introduction of women performers who work in the governmental institutions (TRT radio-TV- Ministry of Culture, etc.) and those who are working as academic instructors of the Qanun. The curriculum vitae of these performers are briefly presented and their artistic characteristics as well as their techniques and styles are illustrated with photos and pictures and exemplified with audio recordings (with internet page links) of their performances. In the direction of the data obtained from this study, evaluations were carried out from the past to the present day (2017) about the lives of the artists and instructors. This study is significant in the sense that it is the first study conducted in Turkey in this field. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28263 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28263 Türker EROĞLU In this study, the concept of dance has been considered in terms of definition and function. The introductory part includes the purpose, problem and method of studying. In the first part, information about the birth of the dance has been given and it has been mentioned that the dance begins with the existence of humankind. In the same chapter, the definition of dance was made by describing and classifying people by means of dancing, the meaning we have given to it, and the sense of this sense. In the second part, the function of dance was processed with "Body Anthropology" and "Dance Anthropology” approach; The physical and socio-cultural and spiritual dimensions of these functions are discussed. In the last section, the results obtained from this study are summarised; It was concluded that dance is an important part of life; The dancer likes dancing because dance has contributed to physical relaxation, physical development and physical fitness as a bodily activity. The dance, as an activity of mind from an i 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28476 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28476 İsmail ARICI Perceptions of Guidance refers to the understanding of principles and fundamental concepts of guidance. Having a higher level of guidance knowledge would increase the accomplishments and make the goals achieved for all staffs and teachers. Therefore, it is markedly important to have this knowledge in performing guidance services for all guidance experts as well as teachers. Faculty of Theology basically instruct people for formal religious education, formal religious teaching, and informal religion services. Guidance-related courses are taught in Schools of Theology where teachers who instruct Religious Culture and Ethics Course (RCEC), elective religion courses, and Imam Hatip High School Occupational Courses graduate. Accordingly, teacher candidates are expected to have a guidance perception when they serve in the field. Consequently, their level of guidance perception is an essential issue. This study which is a quantitative research and has a causal-comparative design aims to examine the level of guidance perceptions of RCEC teacher candidates by utilizing a sample consisted of 300 senior students in Faculty of Theology at Ataturk University. We gathered the data by conducting a survey which includes Guidance Perception Inventory, socio-demographic information of the participants, and various independent variables, and used SPSS to run statistical analyses. According to the findings, teacher candidates have a high level of guidance perception. Additionally, this level differs by gender, department, and most helpful course regarding guidance perception. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28383 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28383 İsmail BAYER The Quran presents its sections and messages that shed light from the history to the future in an impressive and eccentrical narrative fiction to the readers. Parables in Qur’an leades the reader’s imagination into the reality itself with a depiction of scene and life they impart to the dialogues. That the parables progress in the form of sections and stages rather than monolithic and take place dispersedly in the Quran is among its features. No connection can be identified with the traditional format and page-setting as we take for granted nowadays. The methods used in the connection and transition among sections are one of the most important parts of literary aspect of the parables. The connection among stages in the narration of the Quran parable occurs on general meaning, wordings and numbers. Wordings take place at related words and sound level (union or exchange of interruption). The matters that can express meaning in word and letter repetitions constitute an acceptance area depending on the controversial or personal preferences. Identifications of the connections in question makes the multi-dimentional integrity and astounding orderliness of Qur’an more appearant. On the other hand Qur’an makes its reader both intellectually and emotionally an active witness to the subject told in the text. The aim of our work is to investigate in the context of belief struggle enunciated in the Noah parable in Qur’an. composed of investigating the Quran once again in the context of transition among sections by centering the point of view of visual narrative type that has been dominant in the example of Noah parable nowadays. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28492 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28492 Muhammet AYDIN The community of Ikhwan which emerged in Basra in 4th/10th century and which had some religious, philosophical, political and scholarly purposes aimed for cleaning up the Muslim society intellectually. Because of the fact that their aim was to resolve the conflict among madhhabs and pave the way for brotherhood, the community which came up with religious and ethical concerns was eclectical. They used all the scholarly, religious and philosophical information which they could reach. The same eclectical attitude concerning prophethood could also be seen. The issue of miracle which is one of the important topics of prophethood is subjected to esoteric and symbolic reading. With the religious rhetoric which they used against the political oppression, Ikhwan al-?afa got beyond the limits of 10th century in the field of religion, philosophy and culture. According to Ikhwan the aim of philosophical and religious sciences is “the effort to resemble Allah by means of human power.” Because of this, the aim of revelation/prophethood is to clean the human soul, to save him from hell, and to enable human beings to reach the blessings of paradise and hereafter. According to Ikhwan these are the point of both philosophical and religious sciences. They went out of the religious, racial, ethnic and cultural fanaticism. Aside from the classical texts of ?aqa?id/kalam, they used a different approach concerning problems of prophethood. By reason of the fact that they gave priority to the ethical aspect of religion, they approached the texts with practical and pragmatic motives. However, protecting the legacy of thought being in our tradition and transmitting it to the next generations is significant. Their evaluation that the relation between prophethood and politics in the time of some prophets is occasional and not fundamental has a special importance in the field of religion and politics. The main deviations related to the topics of prophethood began with the death of the prophet and the relation between religion and politics ascribed to the Prophet could not be evaluated properly. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28384 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28384 Hicran Hanım HALAÇ, Fikret BADEMCİ , Mehmet Ali ÇELİKSOY Sports is a competition and also a cultural activity which has various activities such as entertainment, friendship and adventure. Individuals who are involved in sports tourism learn about the history, culture, social life and many other features of the cities that they have gone. The sport not only offers to athletes opportunities such as seeing new cities and recognizing new cultures but also effects these cities in terms of economy. As a result of the organizations, they have financial and also social benefits such as the publicity of the city. Purpose of the study is to evaluate impacts of sports organizations on introducing cultural heritages in the city. In this context, our aim is to investigate teams’ visit to the cultural heritage in Turkey and Konya for TBF International U16 Star Men Tournament, and to offer suggestions to have more visit to the cultural heritage during rest days. Literature survey has been done. Communication has been made with the Turkish Basketball Federation and its teams, and information about the cities has been obtained. A questionnaire has been applied to athletes in groups. Firstly, why the cities want to host international organizations will be explained, then a general information about Konya will be given. Finally an evaluation will be made on the activities of the teams coming to Konya for the TBF International U16 Star Men Tournament held in 2017, and suggestions will be made to athletes to have more visit to the cultural heritage. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28339 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28339 Uğur DEMİRBAĞ It is known that Ankara Kızılcahamam town’s Semer Köyü, Ortaköy, and Çobanköy houses are all belong to the 20th century. Even though the village houses bear little resamblance to the Turkish Houses, they do represent some of the features of the latter. Accounts of the inhabitants of the houses, the materials and thechniques used when constructing these buildings have all been taken into consideration when dating these houses to the 20th century. Almost all of the houses have undergo a change, and were modified. The construction materials of Village Houses have been kept lightly and did not take after any symmetry. These buildings have been constructed with wood, mudbrick and by applying the timber-work Technique. The building projections and eaves that exist in the house carry the shading and protective features. Houses were usually built in two floors as well as single storey houses. The first floor used as a barn, storage, and hayloft. The second floor, in the other hand; is where the daily life goes. Each building has a main room, which is compared to other rooms, are much more spacious and projects the features of the wood processing technique. The hollow ceilings of the main rooms are bedazzled by madder. Cedars or cedars named “makat” made for seating in the rooms. In each room there are wooden cupboards named “yüklük” one of those cupboards is used as a bathing cubicle. The houses were generally built according to the shape of the land. While the front facades face South, the northren facdes were kept simple. The oldest examples of the houses are the ones with open sofas, and in the following periods of time, central sofa houses started to emerge. In general, our study focuses on pointing out the designing plans, facade design and construction techniques of the traditional houses, and reflecting their changes over time. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28512 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28512 Yusuf ÇETİN, Rabiye KARTA One of the most common weaving art of the Iğdır region, which is very rich in traditional hand weavings, is carpet pillows. Every color and motif used in the Iğdır region carpet pillows has a language and meaning. On one hand, these carpet pillows exhibit a rich repertoire of adornment; on the other hand, the motifs handled have been used for centuries as a means of nonverbal communication. These motifs, which are composed as a result of stylization of plants, animals and various objects, have been conveyed up to this day from generation to generation. However, the change of the past traditional lifestyle seen in the region and the arrangement of home furnishing in accordance with the modern times have led to the decrease of carpet pillow weavings. Very few examples of these traditional handicraft products that are not weaved much any more have survived until today. As it is located in a traditional region the Iğdır carpet pillows bear the traces of Azerbaijan, Iran and Anatolia and they attract attention with their compositinal qualities and richness in motifs. While the wool used in carpet pillows were dyed with madder, in recent examples also chemical dyes have been used and the natural colors of wools have been utilized too. As a general aspect of the weavings in the region in the Iğdır carpet pillows have a very hard weaving technique which is called ‘, ’ the Turkish Knot’’ , this is woof knotting method. It is necessary to preserve and convey the future generations these precions national heritage handicraft products whose production decreases day by day andthe surviving samples of which have been eroded. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28441 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28441 Fatma Gül CİRHİNOĞLU, Ahmet Fatih ŞENEL Objective of this study is to determine the relationships among honor perception attributed to women, values and sex roles. Sample group is composed of 186 university students. Personal Information Form, Honor Concept Perception Toward Women Scale, Schwartz’s Value Survey, Bern Sex Role Inventory were used to collect data. Honor Concept Perception Toward Women Scale has three components: traditional honor concept, egalitarian attitude, premarital sex/honor concept. Schwartz Value Survey has ten types of values and two components of higher-order values: Types of values; power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, tradition, conformity, security. Components of higher-order values; Openness to Change/Conservation, Self- Transcendence/Self- Enhancement. Bern Sex Role Inventory has three components: feminity, masculinity and socıal desirability. This study, Multiple Linear Regression and Independent Samples T-Test were used to analyze the data. At the end of the study, there was significant diffrence between women and men according to traditional honor concept and egalitarian attitude; unsversalism value and benevolence value; feminity sex roles and masculinity sex roles. Women had higher score on egalitarian attitude, unsversalism, benevolence values and feminity sex roles than men. Men had higher score on traditional honor concept and masculinity sex roles than women. Sex and importance of religion variables significantly predicted traditional honor concept. Sex,importance of religion, universalism and power significantly predicted egalitarian attitude . 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28407 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28407 Vahit İlhan, Fikret YAZICI Bu makalede Türkiye’de ürün yerleştirme uygulamasının reklamverenler bağlamında işleyişi ortaya konulmaktadır. Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren, aynı zamanda uluslararası, ulusal, bölgesel ve yerel olarak marka tanınırlığı olan işletmeler üzerinden görsel medyada ürün yerleştirme uygulamasının tercih edilme nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmak, yaşanan sektörel ve hukuki problemleri belirlemek ve bu problemlere yönelik reklamverenlerin çözüm önerilerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma, reklamveren firma temsilcileri üzerine temellendirilmiştir. Ampirik bir yöntem olan derinlemesine görüşme metoduyla veriler toplanırken, elde edilen bu veriler görüşme ve araştırma soruları üzerinden bilgisayar destekli veri analizi programı NVivo ile değerlendirilmiştir. Konuya yönelik kavramsallaştırmaların yanı sıra reklamverenler bağlamında Türkiye’de ürün yerleştirme süreci açıklanmıştır. Mevcut problemler belirlenmiş ve bazı çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de sürecin işleyişine yönelik özgün modeller çalışma kapsamında oluşturulmuştur. Ürün yerleştirme uygulaması reklamverenler tarafından televizyonun liderlik ettiği, ancak birbiriyle bağlantılı çok farklı mecraların kullanılabildiği bir strateji olarak ifade edilmektedir. Burada özellikle dijital interaktif mecralar televizyonun tamamlayıcısı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Reklamveren firmalara bu noktada reklam ajansları ve televizyon kanalları stratejik olarak destek sağlamaktadırlar. Araştırma, Türkiye’de ürün yerleştirme uygulamasının önünde bir takım hukuki ve yapısal problemlerin olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Hızla gelişen reklamcılık alanı içerisinde ürün yerleştirmenin önemli bir strateji olarak sektör tarafından kullanılacağı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, Türkiye’de ürün yerleştirme uygulamasının reklamverenler bağlamında analizini yapması açısından reklamcılık alanına ve bu alanda akademik çalışma yapanlara önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28468 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28468 Ertuğrul KARAKAYA It is acknowledged that consumption and consumer behavior are influenced by religion and belief system that individual has. At this point, it can be expected that spirituality phenomenon, which is expressed as the efforts and experiences of finding the meaning of one’s life and its interaction with the superior power, may be related to consumption. In this study, it is aimed to examine the relations of spirituality and religiosity to consumer attitudes and behaviors. Although influences of religiosity have been extensively studied in marketing literature, the role of spirituality on consumption has begun to attract interest. The research is important due to absence of studies that examine spirituality and religiosity together. In the scope of the study, spirituality, religiosity and their relationships with consumption is examined at theoretical level first. Then, primary data were gathered from consumers in Kirikkale province through questionnaire method. Statistical analyzes were performed with obtained data and the results were interpreted. As a result, the relationships among spirituality and specified consumer attitudes and behaviors are examined comparatively with religiosity, and it is reached that spirituality is a factor plays role in consumer attitudes and behaviors. At this point, it is understood that spirituality is negatively related with attitude toward debt and jealousy, an positively related with sustainable purchasing, sustainable product usage and price sensitivity. Religiosity is similary seen to be positvely related with sustainable product buying and hedonic consumption. It is also seen that religiosity is inversely related to economic injustice perception and jealousy. In addition, differences in research variables are also examined depending on demographic variables. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28499 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28499 Gürkan AKDAĞ, Neslihan ŞİMŞEK With the globalization of the world, many progress has been made in many industries. As technology and industry developments stimulate economic development, countries have reached a certain level of prosperity and people have become able to deal with everyday tasks more easily. At the beginning of this important technological progress and the present day troubles of industrialization comes the thought of providing "sustainability" in services and products. The food and beverage business has a significant impact on the sustainability of the natural resource and the end result of the natural environment that it consumes in a significant amount. The aim of this study is that the developments in the food and beverage sector are thought to be long-term with the sustainability of natural resources; The basic motivations for being a green restaurant, how to make a green restaurant different between different restaurants, identifying the advantages and disadvantages of being a green restaurant, and informing the administrators in the process of becoming a green restaurant in the future. In this context, the green restaurant managers were examined in terms of their applications and the results of the interviews conducted in the green restaurants. In the study, semi-structured interview form was used as data collection tool and descriptive analysis method was used as data analysis method. As a result of the research; The main motivations for being a green restaurant, environmental pollution concern, saving, standardization, service quality; It has been found that being a green restaurant brings disadvantages to the establishment phase, as well as advantages such as providing familiarity and popularity to businesses, providing quality and standardized services. It has been determined that being a green restaurant differs from other businesses in that consumers and employees are sensitive to the environment. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28473 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28473 Mehmet Murat PAYAM, Nurullah SELÇUK Wars, armed conflicts and civil unrests all over the world but especially in the Middle East continue to threaten the security and lives of people. The affected people from these bed situations are generally the children. As all human beings do have, every child also has “a right to protection” from any hazards regardless of his ethnic, legal or social status. But unfortunately, Syrian children are now facing the largest humanitarian and protection/security crisis in the world and the world fails to protect and secure them. Defined as the “worst humanitarian disaster since the end of the cold war,” the Syrian civil war has to date claimed over 8.000 documented killings of children under eighteen years of age. Over half of the people displaced by the Syria crisis are children and every two minutes, another child from Syria becomes a refugee. Within Syria, the conflict continues to have a severe impact on children’s well-being, with children facing violations of their rights on a daily basis including family separation, no access to education, physical and sexual violence, military recruitment, torture and kidnapping, limited access to basic services, lack of birth certificates and the resulting psychosocial distress. It is strongly proposed that the world must act to save a generation of traumatized, isolated, insecure and suffering Syrian children from catastrophe. If not moved quickly, this generation of innocents will become lasting casualties of an appalling war. For this purpose in this paper, although there are many key child protection/security issues in Syria, the current situation and problems of Syrian children are presented in the context of the rights to protection from family separation, recruitment into armed forces and groups, exploitation and gender-based violence, physical harm and psychosocial distress. Finally, as it is believed that no violence against children is justifiable and all violence against children is preventable, some possible recommendations to fight for the rights of the Syrian children were put forward. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28417 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28417 Ufuk ORHAN The purpose of this study is to reveal the articles dealing with “undesirable behaviors” in the field of “management” in Turkey. The research sample consists of 260 articles written from 2000 to 2017. Among the titles associated with “undesirable behaviors” are “discrimination”, “glass ceiling”, “unethical behaviors”, “whistleblowing”, “workaholism”, “fear”, “learned helplessness”, “mobbing”, “silence”, “cynicism”, and “burnout”. According to the results of the present study, the topics studied most among the above-mentioned are “burnout” and “mobbing”; the studies mostly aim to measure relationship/effect and difference; mostly the scales of Leymann and Maslach are used; correlation and regression analyses are made; and similar sectors and samples are focused on. Finally, “undesirable behaviors” is a concept that can be a title to all the topics mentioned. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28453 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28453 Şeyda Barlas BOZKUŞ This paper will present Istanbul 2010: Cultural Capital of Europe events as a part of contemporary cultural policy. This project was realized as a result of the long-lasting efforts of a volunteer-private committee. Aim of the "Cultural Capital" project introduces cultural heritage and the modern face of the cities to Europe as well as the world. The reason behind this project is that the city of Istanbul aspires to be categorized in the group of Europe’s global cities such as Berlin, London, Paris and hoped this title would have an impact on the city’s international image, particularly on tourism. This strategy, it was planned, would attract first-class wealthy tourists to the city. Within this framework, outcomes of the Turkish state’s changing vision for cultural policy. The following question will be asked: how Istanbul was used to promote the cultural image of the city in visual arts? In fact, Istanbul 2010: Cultural Capital of Europe primarily was concerned with the use of culture for urban marketing and tourist promotion. Its program contained panel discussions, conferences, artist workshops organized with the aim of discovering the aesthetical beauty of the city, and developing cultural tourism. Establishing new museums or renovating museums in this context should be seen as attempts to develop the infrastructure of cultural heritage and museums rather than radical changes in attitudes vis-a-vis art and culture. This study will discuss how Istanbul 2010 event have impact on Turkey's developing contemporary art scene and cultural policy from today. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28516 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28516 Ozan Deniz YALÇINKAYA, Huseyinaga RZAYEV This study, concerned with the “basics” of information development, attempts to examine the applicability of the “new-before/without-given” (further “n-b/w-g”) pattern as an additional resource to F. Daneš’s “given-before-new” (“g-b-n” in furtherance) thematic progression type. Our controversy rests on the claim that “given-before-new” information development model as a linear relation (between “theme” and “rheme”) is not a sufficient condition for organization of texts in different functional styles of language-in-use. Moreover, information “packaging” more than often relies on the purposive aspect of communication and thereby we will query the contention that for a text to be appropriately goal-oriented, not all uses of “given-before-new” model produce effective texts, which, in turn, serves as a basis for our next assumption: “New-before/without-given” model is an independent requirement, not a by-product or an alternative of the “given-before-new” pattern of information development, since it better reflects the relations between text parts in functional terms, and identifying the transition point of a relation, “designs” a more relevant extent of the items related. In this article, the central conceptual properties of the “g-b-n” type of information processing is examined and it is illustrated that the rationale and potential of the “n-b/w-g” model by implementing it in various functional styles and by empirically testing its capacity as well as adequacy to varying communication needs. Comparison-based findings of the two models are addressed as well as the perspective of the problem is drawn attention to. Given the various models, this model aims a more successful communication involving syntactic, semantic and pragmatic elements. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28394 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28394 Bedrettin Türker PALAMUTÇUOĞLU, Selin ÇAVUŞOĞLU , Aynur PALAMUTÇUOĞLU Performance Evaluation is a process that measures the achievements of employees in a certain period of time, the attitudes and behaviors at work, to determine their personal qualities, the contributions of personnel to the success of the employer. Performance appraisal is one of the most important dimensions of performance management. As a result it is necessary for organizational managers to know the performance appraisal methods and to have necessary knowladge and skills to become as an effective organizations. Although performance appraisal is one of the most important functions of human resources management, it can not be said that the organizations have obtained the full benefit from performance appraisal system as they expected. A variety of performance evaluation methods have been defined and implemented in the literature. It has been observed that in traditional methods, employees are awarded points according to certain criteria and a evaluation is made in the form of a comparison of the averages or the totals of these points. In this study, the TOPSIS method, which is a different approach for calculating the performance score, is proposed. In this study, it is aimed to compare the effectiveness of the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) of the multi-criteria decision making with the traditional evaluation method in the performance evaluation process. In this context, the ranking results obtained by the performance evaluation results of 16 employees working in the quality control department in the production operation in the automotive sector in 2016 according to the traditional evaluation method and the TOPSIS method were compared. There are some differences seen in the order in which the TOPSIS method reveals that the managers are doing with average scores. Instead of directly averaging, it would be more accurate to determine the ordering with TOPSIS. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28481 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28481 Cüneyt AKTAŞ, Muhammet BAHADIR In this study, the periodic variation of the land use in the district of Salıpazarı was observed based on Landsat satellite images obtained on September 20, 1998 and September 13, 2013. Remote sensing techniques and geographical information systems were employed for the purposes of the current study. Satellite images (1998 and 2013) of two different periods for the temporal change of land use in Salıpazarı district. This satellite images were exposed to controlled classification system following image processing and image enrichment processes. Then, the images obtained were converted into land use maps. With this maps the changes in the use of lands in Salıpazarı between 1998 and 2013 were observed. Land use was classified under five categories which are forest, cultivated agriculture, sown agriculture, non-agricultural lands and water surface for each image transferred. The total research area was 35.085 hectares in this study. While the forest land area was 18.065 hectares in 1998, it was 15.778 hectares in 2013, which means 12.65 % decrease. While the amount of the land allocated to cultivated agriculture was 13.295 hectares in 1998, it was 16.186 hectares in 2013, which means 21.74 % increase. As for the sown agriculture, the amount of the land was 3.051 hectares in 1998, but it was 2.004 in 2013, which means 34.31% decrease. While the amount of non-agricultural lands was 443 hectares in 1998, it was 930 hectares in 2013, which means 114% increase. While the amount of water surface was 40 hectares in 1998, it was 177 hectares in 2013, which means 442% dramatic increase. In addition, each classified image was subjected to accuracy analysis. The 1998 satellite image is 86.03% and the 2013 satellite image is 87.22% accurate. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28433 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28433 Merve ÇETİN DAĞDELEN It is imperative that each science branch uses its own set of concepts in academic studies. Because the interpretation and transmission of the obtained data is possible with its own concepts of science. Therefore, it may be important to study the meaning and use of concepts. Media sociology is also a sub-science and has unique concept sets. Media sociology is a field that carries out studies about the position of media tools in social life. Media tools are considered globally effective tools. It is seen that the media tools accompany them at every stage of the lives of the i 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28477 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28477 Yeşim KURT This research, which focuses on low-cost carriers, aims to reveal the reasons why users of these carriers that serve with the cost leadership strategy are interacting via social media. To achieve this goal, Pegasus Airlines, a low-cost carrier, was chosen as an example. A total of 2200 tweets taken between 01.10.2016 and 22.10.2016 by the users of the concerned airline were analyzed in terms of inductive and reached the main themes in this way. In this research formulated by the qualitative research design, the NVivo11 program was utilized in the collection and analysis of data. As a result of the analysis, users were found to share their negative experiences, to complain or to find solutions to their problems. The users are mostly on the flight schedule; passenger services and customer service issues. The topics that create the most agenda about the recipe are; flight cancellations, tariff changes and delays. The issues related to passenger services focus on ticket and baggage operations. Flaws in ticket refunds or changes; Lost or damaged baggage for baggage handling causes the passengers to interact via twitter. The response to customer service is due to the inability to access the customer service easily and the customer service fee. One of the key findings in the research is the sharing of electronic communication, which is the subject of electronic communication, to influence users' decisions of other users. Accordingly, users interact through social media for purposes such as defamation, praise, benchmarking and campaign announcements. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28414 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28414 ESRA TAŞ Women and men in business adopted a number of professions are to be made better, Women 's midwives, nurses, considering that they are more suitable for professions such as teachers, administration can do better if the men are thought to them as a specific profession. Women, in jobs that require routine office work on their part, teaching, working in professions such as nursing semi professionalized sees fit. While women working in the service sector as more intense closer to the traditional household management, military, judges, more men are working in jobs like inspection. As a result, women work more intensively in lower status jobs and can not also have the opportunity to rise in this business. The problems facing women in social life remains shows different scales all over the world. Today, even in countries considered to be developed, and both women are from families faced with many problems in business. In addition, outside of working life, the heavy responsibility they are installed. This responsibility brings with it a number of career barriers. This research, according to employee administrators and teachers in public elementary schools in the opinion of Talas province of Kayseri, is to determine what are the obstacles careers of women teachers. According to the survey, although not very willing to be an administrator of female teachers, their work is seen as a general acceptance of the aforementioned career obstacles. This is a promising indicator showing that perceptions are changing in a positive direction stereotypes from the past. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28418 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28418 Esra BAYRAK AYAŞ, Atalay GACAR , Eyyup NACAR A sociotropic characteristic is the characteristic that includes thoughts, attitudes and aims towards other individuals to provide support to other individuals by meeting their needs. Sociotropic, also known as social belonging, is defined as the ability of an individual to interact positively with other people. Individuals with high sociotropic characteristics are intensely interested in and approving other individuals, seeking to love and be loved, are not too stubborn, are likely to be used by others, and are interested in participating in common activities and helping others. The purpose of our study is therefore to examine the sociotropic personality traits of university students. In the scope of the study, the universities of our research constitute students of Fırat University and the students of physical education teaching department and Turkish teaching department constitute students. A total of 384 students participated in the research. The questionnaire is composed of two parts. In the first part of the questionnaire, 8 items related to the personal information of the students participated in the survey and in the second part includes scale includes totally 60 items that developed by Beck, Rush and Shawve Emery in 1979 and in the Turkish case, reliability and validity studies conducted by Savaşır and Şahin (1997) the Likert type "Sociotropic Autonomy Scale " 30-items of this sociotropy subscale was used. As a result, the sociotropic personality characteristics of the students were found to be high. In addition, there was a significant difference between the students in terms of department, gender, family structure, number of siblings and income status of their families and sociotropic personality. 2024-08-29 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28611 https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28611 Şehrabanı ALLAHVERDİYEVA One of the most important genres of oral literature is the epics. Epics have been read by lovers and come up to daylight. Russian writer M. Gorki expresses his opinion as follows: "Folklore is the beginning of the word art. We can not learn the true history of a people without learning folklore of a people. " Then the writer goes on: "Many women have been tallhearted in a particular way without their tired folklore since time immemorial." It is a popular art that has a few characteristics, written in redness with reed, without improvisation. Minstrel literature is the most widespread part of Turkish folk literature and affects parts of other written literatures. One of the most important genres of oral literature is the epics. The epics are divided into two within themselves: Heroic Epics, Muhabbet Epics. Dede Korkut, Köroğlu, Oguz Kagan are heroic legends. In our epics, emotions such as loyalty, having the important qualities of man, having bread and losing bread come to the forefront. The heroes of the legend at Köroğlu Epic are Buyer, Köroğlu, Evileri, Nigar and other ladies possessing these qualities. 2024-08-29