THE MEANING, POSITION AND LIMIT PROBLEM OF INTUITION IN AL-GHAZALI
GAZALİ’DE SEZGİNİN ANLAMI, KONUMU VE SINIRI SORUNU

Author : Ömür KARSLI
Number of pages : 497-509

Abstract

In this article, one of the problems of epistemology, the meaning of intuiton as a source of knowledge, examined especially in al-Ghazali’s philosophy. Intuition is a concept that has found its place in many philosopher’s philosophy from the west to the east in the history of philosophy. Therefore it is possible to find this concept in many names, from Islamic philosophers to 20th. century philosophers. Despite its prevalence, however, it is not clear what is meant by the concept of intuition. One of the examples of this situation is al-Ghazali. al-Ghazali, considered one of the most important representatives of intuitionism in Islamic philosophy, is easily compared with western philosophers by researchers because of the blurring of the concept of intuition. The meaning of the concept of intuition that we compare with the concept of hads is that knowledge is grasped directly. Along with that there are rational, experimental, mystical and aesthetic types of intuition. We have studies the types of intuition in Avicenna and Descartes in order to illustrate these types of intuitions and thus to correctly determine the difference of al-Ghazali’s intuitionism. After studied the relation between intuition and knowledge in Avicenna and Descartes, we discussed al-Ghazali’s critics to mind. The source of the intuitionism that al-Ghazali’s gets from his criticss of mind, is God and al-Ghzali says that certain knowledge comes with the help of God. The intuition that come across in different positions in al-Ghazali is limited even though it is above the knowledge of senses and knowledge of reason. Therefore the intuition in al-Ghazali’s philosophy constitutes a whole together with its source, position and limit. Without considering this whole structure, it is very problematic to compare the intuition of al-Ghazali with the other philosopher’s intuitionism. In the article, which I discussed how such comparisons are true, I examined the meaning, kinds and importance of intuition in al-Ghazali and tried to identify the privileged aspects of al-Ghazali’s intuitionism.

Keywords

Intuition, Knowledge, al-Ghazali, Avicenna, Descartes

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